{"id":130757,"date":"2023-12-21T07:09:13","date_gmt":"2023-12-21T07:09:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=130757"},"modified":"2023-12-21T07:09:17","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T07:09:17","slug":"ardms-spi-exam-review-latest-2023-2024-update-questions-and-verified-answers-100-correct-grade-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2023\/12\/21\/ardms-spi-exam-review-latest-2023-2024-update-questions-and-verified-answers-100-correct-grade-a\/","title":{"rendered":"ARDMS SPI Exam Review (Latest 2023\/ 2024 Update) Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>ARDMS SPI Exam Review (Latest 2023\/ 2024 Update) Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARDMS SPI Exam Review (Latest 2023\/<br>2024 Update) Questions and Verified<br>Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A<br>Q: What happens to axial resolution when spatial pulse length is decreased?<br>Answer:<br>improves<br>Q: How much will a 3.5 MHz pulse be attenuated after passing through 2 cm of soft tissue?<br>Answer:<br>3.5 dB<br>Q: Propagation speed errors result in<br>Answer:<br>improper axial position<br>Q: Enhancement is caused by<br>Answer:<br>weakly attenuating structures<br>Q: The Doppler shift frequency is<br>Answer:<br>directly proportional to the velocity of the reflector<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Q: The number of frames per second necessary for a real-time image to be flicker free is<br>Answer:<br>more than 15<br>Q: True\/False: The SPTA intensity will always be larger than the SATA intensity.<br>Answer:<br>True<br>Q: The intensity of the ultrasound beam is usually greater at the focal zone because of<br>Answer:<br>the smaller beam diameter<br>Q: If the amplitude is doubled, the intensity is<br>Answer:<br>quadrupled<br>Q: The attenuation for soft tissue is<br>Answer:<br>increased with tissue thickness<br>Q: The acoustic impedance of the matching layer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer:<br>can be chosen to improve transmission into the body<br>Q: True\/False: In a pulse-echo system, the quality factor should be made as large as possible.<br>Answer:<br>False<br>Q: True\/False: The beam diameter is constant in the near zone.<br>Answer:<br>False<br>Q: The operating frequency is dependent on<br>Answer:<br>thickness of the crystal<br>Q: The period of an ultrasound wave is<br>Answer:<br>the time of one wavelength<br>Q: The dynamic range of a system is<br>Answer:<br>the ratio of smallest to largest power level that the system can handle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Q: True\/False: The intensity of an ultrasonic beam can be measured with radiation force<br>balance.<br>Answer:<br>True<br>Q: Increasing the pulse repetition period<br>Answer:<br>increases the maximum depth that can be imaged<br>Q: Ultrasound bioeffects<br>Answer:<br>are not confirmed below 100 mW\/cm\u00b2 SPTA<br>Q: True\/False: No refraction can occur at an interface if the media impedances are equal.<br>Answer:<br>False<br>Q: True\/False: Smaller transducers always produce smaller beam diameters.<br>Answer:<br>False<br>Q: True\/False: The ultrasound beam profile can be measured with a hydrophone.<br>Powered by <a href=\"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/search\/study?query=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/learnexams.com\/search\/study?query=<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/search\/study?query=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/ardms-spi-exam-review-latest-2023-2024-update-questions-and-verified-answers-100-correct-grade-a-725x1024.png\" alt=\"ARDMS SPI Exam Review (Latest 2023\/ 2024 Update) Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A\n\" class=\"wp-image-130758\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a>red blood cells<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Example of nonspecular reflector<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decreases<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What happens to spatial pulse length when frequency increases?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Axial resolution is dependent on?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>beam diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Lateral resolution is dependent on?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Fraunhofer zone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Where does the beam of an unfocused transducer diverge?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>two or more strong reflecting surfaces<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Reverberation artifacts are a result of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Grating lobes are essential for the proper operation of a linear phased array.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Electronically steered scanners always produce higher resolution images than do mechanically steered scanners.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: An annular array scanner uses mechanical beam steering.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: A linear sequenced array cannot be dynamically focused.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>registration or B-mode alignment<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which AIUM test object function utilizes all the groups of wires in the AIUM 100 mm test object?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=100,onerror=redirect,w=120\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/Y3zxiXXq67Ilh5u2GBd4Og.jpg\" alt=\"Image: registration or B-mode alignment\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>axial resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which AIUM test object function utilizes the A group of wires in the AIUM 100 mm test object?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=100,onerror=redirect,w=120\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/Y3zxiXXq67Ilh5u2GBd4Og.jpg\" alt=\"Image: axial resolution\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which AIUM test object function utilizes the B group of wires in the AIUM 100 mm test object?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=100,onerror=redirect,w=120\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/Y3zxiXXq67Ilh5u2GBd4Og.jpg\" alt=\"Image: lateral resolution\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dead zone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which AIUM test object function utilizes the D group of wires in the AIUM 100 mm test object?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=100,onerror=redirect,w=120\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/Y3zxiXXq67Ilh5u2GBd4Og.jpg\" alt=\"Image: dead zone\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>depth calibration<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which AIUM test object function utilizes the C or E groups of wires in the AIUM 100 mm test object?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=100,onerror=redirect,w=120\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/Y3zxiXXq67Ilh5u2GBd4Og.jpg\" alt=\"Image: depth calibration\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>improves<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What happens to axial resolution when spatial pulse length is decreased?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>3.5 dB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>How much will a 3.5 MHz pulse be attenuated after passing through 2 cm of soft tissue?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>improper axial position<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Propagation speed errors result in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>weakly attenuating structures<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Enhancement is caused by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>directly proportional to the velocity of the reflector<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The Doppler shift frequency is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>more than 15<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The number of frames per second necessary for a real-time image to be flicker free is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The SPTA intensity will always be larger than the SATA intensity.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the smaller beam diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The intensity of the ultrasound beam is usually greater at the focal zone because of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>quadrupled<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the amplitude is doubled, the intensity is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increased with tissue thickness<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The attenuation for soft tissue is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>can be chosen to improve transmission into the body<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The acoustic impedance of the matching layer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: In a pulse-echo system, the quality factor should be made as large as possible.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The beam diameter is constant in the near zone.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>thickness of the crystal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The operating frequency is dependent on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the time of one wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The period of an ultrasound wave is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the ratio of smallest to largest power level that the system can handle<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The dynamic range of a system is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The intensity of an ultrasonic beam can be measured with radiation force balance.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increases the maximum depth that can be imaged<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Increasing the pulse repetition period<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>are not confirmed below 100 mW\/cm\u00b2 SPTA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound bioeffects with an unfocused beam<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: No refraction can occur at an interface if the media impedances are equal.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Smaller transducers always produce smaller beam diameters.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The ultrasound beam profile can be measured with a hydrophone.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The pulsed-Doppler system yields better depth resolution than the continuous wave (CW) system.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The gray-scale display was made possible when digital scan converters replaced analog scan converters.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Videotape recorders operating at 30 frames per second cannot be used with mechanical real-time units because the fram rate is too slow.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Linear phased array scanners need no form of mechanical focusing because focusing is performed electronically.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The fram rate of real-time scanners depends on the number of lines used to form the image.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: It is not possible to steer an annular phased array electronically.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The near zone length should be kept as short as possible.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>25%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What percentage of intensity of an ultrasound pulse incident on an interface of 0.25 and 0.75 rayls is reflected?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>higher frequency transducers<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Axial resolution can be improved by using<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>longitudinal wave<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When particle motion of a medium is parallel to the direction of a wave propagation, the wave being transmitted is called a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.3 mm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The wavelength in a material having a wave velocity of 1500 m\/s emplying a transducer frequency of 5 MHz is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>difference in acoustic impedances<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The factor that determines the amount of reflection at the interface of two dissimilar materials is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>\u03bb = c\/\u0192<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The equation that describes the relationship among propagation, wavelength, and frequency is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reflection, refraction, mode conversion<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What three things can occur when an ultrasonic beam reaches the interface of two dissimilar materials?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>equal to the product of density and velocity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The acoustic impedance of a material is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1540 m\/s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The average velocity of ultrasonic waves in soft tissue is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Receiver-angle values in CW Doppler analysis do not influence the final Doppler shift.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>wave velocity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Refraction occurs because of difference in ______ across an interface between two materials<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>acoustic impedance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Reflection factor at an interface between two materials depends primarily on the change in ______ across the interface.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>medium and mode of vibration<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The velocity of sound waves is primarily dependent on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>no change<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Increasing the frequency of an ultrasonic longitudinal wave will result in ______ in the velocity of that wave.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>refraction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The change in direction of an ultrasonic beam, when it passes from one medium to another, in which elasticity and density differ from those of the first medium is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>using a higher frequency transducer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A long near zone can be obtained by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.75 mm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If a 2 MHz frequency is used in human soft tissue, the wavelength is approximately<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>impedance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The ratio of particle pressure to particle velocity at a given point within the ultrasonic field is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Doppler shift frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is the following formula used to determine?<br>(2 \u00d7 velocity of reflector \u00d7 original frequency) \/ velocity of sound<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Huygens<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The principle that states that all points on a wavefront can be considered as point sources for the production of sperical secondary wavelets was postulated by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>tenfold<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A 10 dB difference in signal intensity is equivalent to a _______ difference.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>threshold, negative, reject level<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The level below which signals are not transmitted through an ultrasound receiver system is the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>compression<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Gray-scale systems typically use _____ as a means of signal dynamic range reduction.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The strength of the echo is related to the height of the deflection on the oscilloscope for the ____ display.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>suppression, rejection, compression<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What are methods of restricting the dynamic range of the signal?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>digital<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Most of the scan converters currently in use are of the _____ type?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>duty factor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The fraction of time that pulsed ultrasound is actually on is the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>sensitivity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The ability of an imaging system to detect weak reflections is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>rectangular<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What image shape is produced by a linear sequenced array transducer?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>magnitude of the voltage spike<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The major factor in determining the acoustic power output of the transducer is the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>thermal and cavitational<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Two primary mechanisms that produce tissue biological effects are<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>quality factor, Q Factor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The _____ relates bandwidth to operating frequency.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>side lobes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The extraneous beams of ultrasound generated from the edges of individual transducer elements and not in the direction of the main ultrasonic beam are called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pulse duration<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The product of the period and the number of cycles in the pulse is the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>silicon oxide<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The substance typically used as a matrix on the imaging surface of an analog scan converter tube is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the reflector surface is small and smooth as compared with wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Specular reflection occurs when<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Schlieren<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The refractive index of water is slightly altered when a sound beam passes through it, thus causing compression and rarefaction of the water molecules. The phenomenon is the basis for the _____ technique of beam measurement.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reverberation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Artifacts appearing as parallel, equally spaced lines are characteristic of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>enhancement<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An increase in reflection amplitude from reflectors that lie behind a weakly attenuating structure is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>using a larger diameter transducer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The amount of dispersion in the far field of an ultrasound beam can be decreased by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spatial pulse length<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Longitudinal or axial resolution is directly dependent on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Q factor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The transducer _____ is equal to the ratio of the operating frequency to the frequency bandwidth.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Schlieren<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The technique that uses an optical system to produce a visible image of an ultrasonic beam is the _____ technique.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>blood<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is the least obstacle to the transmission of ultrasound?<br>A. MUSCLE<br>B. FAT<br>C. BONE<br>D. BLOOD<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dynamic range<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The ratio of the largest power to the smallest power that the ultrasound system can handle is the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>longitudinal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound waves in tissues are called _____ waves.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>axial resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The row of wires in the middle are used to check<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/XthTA75JiVbuSZDvwFbwyA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: axial resolution\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>scan C<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the diagrams shows correct arm registration?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/XthTA75JiVbuSZDvwFbwyA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: scan C\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dead zone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The row of wires on top is used to check?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/XthTA75JiVbuSZDvwFbwyA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: dead zone\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>call for service<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>While using the AIUM test object to test an articulated-arm scanner you obtain an image similar to scan A. You should<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/XthTA75JiVbuSZDvwFbwyA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: call for service\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>horizontal caliper check<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The row of wires on the bottom is used to check for<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/XthTA75JiVbuSZDvwFbwyA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: horizontal caliper check\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following CANNOT be checked when the AIUM test object is scanned from the top only?<br>A. AXIAL RESOLUTION<br>B. LATERAL RESOLUTION<br>C. VERTICAL DISTANCE CALIBRATION<br>D. HORIZONTAL DISTANCE CALIBRATION<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>gray scale, dynamic range<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What parameters CANNOT be evaluated by the AIUM test object?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>registration<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Scanning a test object from three sides without erasing would be used to check<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all the above<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When using the AIUM test object, which of the following should be kept constant for comparisons?<br>A. OUTPUT POWER<br>B. TGC<br>C. REJECT<br>D. TRANSDUCER MHz &amp; FOCUS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all the above<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following type(s) of ultrasound machine can be used with AIUM test object?<br>A. LINEAR ARRAY<br>B. STATIC SCANNER<br>C. PHASED ARRAY<br>D. ANNULAR ARRAY<br>E. SECTOR SCANNER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate, lithium sulfate, lead metaniobate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Name 5 synthetic piezoelectric materials.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>tourmaline, quartz, Rochelle salt<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Name 3 natural piezoelectric materials.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>oil<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following materials would NOT be suitable as acoustic insulators for transducer backing?<br>A. CORK<br>B. RUBBER<br>C. OIL<br>D. ARALDITE W\/ TUNGSTEN POWDER<br>E. EPOXY RESIN<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>mechanical vibration that can be transmitted through matter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound can be described as a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>subsonic infrasound<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the frequency of sound is below 16 Hz it is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ultrasound<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the frequency of sound is above 20 kHz it is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>audible sound<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the frequency of sound is between 16 Hz and 20 kHz it is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ultrasound<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not among the spectrum of electromagnetic waves?<br>A. X-RAYS<br>B. ULTRASOUND<br>C. ULTRAVIOLET<br>D. INFRARED<br>E. VISIBLE LIGHT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency, cycle per second<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The term Hertz denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>electrical energy into mechanical energy and vice versa<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An ultrasound transducer converts<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>battery, loudspeaker, light bulb, human being<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Name 4 examples of a transducer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increase or decrease in size depending on the voltage polarity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When electric voltage is applied on both faces of a piezoelectric crystal, the crystal will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>five million cycles per second<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The abbreviation 5 MHz denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reduce pulse duration, improve axial resolution, reduce spatial pulse length<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The function of the damping material in the transducer housing is to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1540 m\/s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is the velocity of ultrasound in human soft tissue at 37\u00b0C?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>time to complete one cycle<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>in physical science, the word period denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>motion of particles parallel to the axis of wave propagation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Longitudinal waves are characterized by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>motion of particles perpendicular to the axis of wave propagation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Transverse waves are characterized by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>compressions<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound wave propagation causes displacement of particles in a medium. The regions of greatest particle concentration are<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>rarefactions<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound wave propagation causes displacement of particles in a medium. The regions of lowest particle concentration are called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pressure<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The prefix piezo- is derived from a Greek word that denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>axial resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Other than depth, longitudinal, and range\/radial resolution, what is another term for the ability to distinguish two objects parallel to the ultrasound beam?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>electrical connector<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#123<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/HtqQ6oijYobUCs6A7NcnSA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: electrical connector\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>backing material<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#124<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/HtqQ6oijYobUCs6A7NcnSA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: backing material\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>damping material<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#125<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/ZB3tTPd9cF7JM8SBCZ6WuA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: damping material\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>tuning coil<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#126<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/ZB3tTPd9cF7JM8SBCZ6WuA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: tuning coil\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>housing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#127<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/ZB3tTPd9cF7JM8SBCZ6WuA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: housing\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>face material<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#128<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/ZB3tTPd9cF7JM8SBCZ6WuA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: face material\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>piezoelectric ceramic material<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a># 129<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/ZB3tTPd9cF7JM8SBCZ6WuA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: piezoelectric ceramic material\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>shield<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#130<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/ZB3tTPd9cF7JM8SBCZ6WuA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: shield\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>matching layer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/ZB3tTPd9cF7JM8SBCZ6WuA.jpg\" alt=\"Image: matching layer\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>cathode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#132<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: cathode\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>electron gun<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#133<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: electron gun\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>control grid<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#134<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: control grid\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>focusing lens<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#135<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: focusing lens\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Y-plate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: Y-plate\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>X-plate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#137<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: X-plate\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>electron beam<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#138<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: electron beam\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>evacuated glass<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#139<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: evacuated glass\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>glass screen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#140<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/kirwY7nSwV70zQdRok9PmQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: glass screen\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Other than azimuthal, angular, and transverse resolution, what is another term for the ability to distinguish two objects perpendicular to the ultrasound beam?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decrease<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If frequency increases, the wavelength will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increase<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If frequency decreases, the wavelength will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decrease<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>As frequency increases, the penetration will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increase<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>As frequency increases, the resolution will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decrease<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>As frequency increases, the beam width will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>air, bone, BaSO\u2084<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound has difficulty in propagating through which of the following?<br>A. AIR<br>B. BONE<br>C. BaSO\u2084<br>D. IVP CONTRAST<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>barium sulfate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following CANNOT be used as a coupling medium?<br>A. WATER<br>B. SALINE<br>C. BARIUM SULFATE<br>D. AQUEOUS GELS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>attenuation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Progressive weakening of the sound beam as it travels<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>piezoelectric effect<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Piezoelectric crystals subject to pressure resulting in an electrical charge appearing on their surfaces<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reverse piezoelectric effect<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Mechanical deformation that results from high voltage applied on faces of the crystal, and, as a result, generate ultrasound<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>attenuation equation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dB = 10 log\u2081\u2080 (I\u2082 \/ I\u2081)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>energy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A waveform transfers _____ from one point in space to another point in space.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>oscillate around an equilibrium point<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In a mechanical wave, there are material particles that<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>distance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Wavelength is a measure of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>mechanical<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasonic waves are<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>impedance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The density of tissue \u00d7 the speed of sound in tissue<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Amplitude is measured in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>above 20,000 Hz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The spectrum of ultrasonic frequency is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Period is inversely proportional to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the received echoes become larger<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In a pulse-echo system, as the ultrasound beam becomes more perpendicular to the organ interface<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>azimuthal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Axial resolution is also known as all of the following except?<br>A. DEPTH<br>B. RANGE<br>C. AZIMUTHAL<br>D. LONGITUDINAL<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>bone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following has the highest sound velocity?<br>A. SOFT TISSUE<br>B. BONE<br>C. AIR<br>D. WATER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>SPTA intensities below 100 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>According to the AIUM, no significant biologic effects have been proven in mammals exposed to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the time the pulse is present<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Temporal peak intensity is measured at<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>SATA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following has the lowest intensity?<br>A. SPTP<br>B. SATP<br>C. SPTA<br>D. SATA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>beam uniformity ratio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Spatial peak intensity \/ spatial average intensity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The duty factor of a pulsed echo system is normally less than<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>better axial resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A shortened spatial pulse length results in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>V = \u0192\u03bb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The equation for measuring the relationship among velocity (or propagation speed), frequency, and wavelength is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all the above<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Attenuation of an ultrasound beam can occur by which of the following?<br>A. DIVERGENCE OF A BEAM<br>B. SCATTERING<br>C. REFLECTION<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dB\/cm\/MHz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Attenuation coefficient of sound can be defined by which of the following?<br>A. dB\/cm\/MHz<br>B. dB\/cm\u00b2\/Hz<br>C. cm\/Hz\/dB<br>D. m\/dB\/cm\u00b3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>broad<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the transducer Q factor is low, the bandwidth will be<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reducing the spatial pulse length<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Axial resolution can be improved by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spatial pulse length<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Axial resolution is primarily affected by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increase transducer frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following will improve both axial and lateral resolution?<br>A. SHORT PULSE LENGTH<br>B. NARROW BEAM WIDTH<br>C. INCREASE BEAM DIAMETER<br>D. INCREASE TRANSDUCER FREQUENCY<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>range<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>All of the following are also known as lateral resolution except?<br>A. AZIMUTHAL<br>B. TRANSVERSE<br>C. RANGE<br>D. ANGULAR<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>100%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Continuous wave Doppler has a duty factor of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>density \u00d7 propagation speed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Acoustic impedance formula<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>rayls<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Acoustic impedance is defined by which of the following?<br>A. RAYONS<br>B. METERS\/dB<br>C. mW\/cm\u00b2<br>D. RAYLS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Acoustic impedance is not dependent on which of the following?<br>A. FREQUENCY<br>B. DENSITY<br>C. STIFFNESS<br>D. NONE OF ABOVE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>strength of the echo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The height of the vertical spike on the A-mode display corresponds to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>M-mode scans<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>B-mode ultrasound includes all the following except?<br>A. STATIC SCANS<br>B. M-MODE SCANS<br>C. REAL-TIME SCANS<br>D. ALL THE ABOVE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>percentage of reflection<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>R = [(Z\u2082 \u2212 Z\u2081) \/ (Z\u2082 + Z\u2081)]\u00b2 \u00d7 100<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>nearly 100%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The reflection coefficient between water and air is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>100% reflected<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What happens to the ultrasound beam beyond the critical angle?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>less than the wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Rayleigh scattering occurs if the particle dimensions are<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>particle displacement<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>One of the acoustic parameters that determines intensity of an ultrasound wave is?<br>A. WAVEFORM<br>B. PARTICLE DISPLACEMENT<br>C. PERIOD<br>D. POWER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Power is defined as energy per unit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The ability to resolve structures lying perpendicular to the axis of the ultrasound beam is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Directly with frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In most soft tissue, the attenuation coefficient varies approximately?<br>A. INVERSELY WITH FREQUENCY<br>B. WITH THE SQUARE OF THE FREQUENCY<br>C. LOGARITHMICALLY WITH FREQUENCY<br>D. DIRECTLY WITH FREQUENCY<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>conversion of ultrasound into heat<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound absorption in a medium results in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.5 dB\/cm\/MHz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The typical value of attenuation in soft tissue is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reverberation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>False echoes are produced by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>99%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Approximately what percentage of the ultrasound beam will be transmitted between fat and muscle?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>multiple point sources<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Huygens&#8217; principle describes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>weak diffractors<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Enhancement occurs posterior to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>half-value layer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The role of sound attenuation in tissue is expressed in terms of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>propagation speed error<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Improper location of an echo may be attributed to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>distance to reflector<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The range equation explains<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>angle of incidence = angle of reflection<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>For a specular reflector<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>propagation speed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is determined by the medium?<br>A. INTENSITY<br>B. PERIOD<br>C. PROPAGATION SPEED<br>D. AMPLITUDE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>force<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not an acoustic variable?<br>A. DENSITY<br>B. PRESSURE<br>C. TEMPERATURE<br>D. FORCE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>TGC<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Abbreviation for time gain compensation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lower than 1540 m\/s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The propagation speed for fat is<br>A. HIGHER THAN 1540 m\/s<br>B. LOWER THAN 1540 m\/s<br>C. EQUAL TO 1540 m\/s<br>D. CANNOT BE MEASURED<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>muscle<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following has a propagation speed closest to the average soft tissue?<br>A. BONE<br>B. AIR<br>C. FAT<br>D. MUSCLE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>air fat muscle bone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Arrange the following media in terms of propagation speed from lowest to highest.<br>BONE, FAT, AIR, MUSCLE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increases<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>As frequency increases, backscatter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>critical angle<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The angle at which total reflection occurs is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>second<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The pulse repetition frequency is the number of pulses occurring per<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>unitless<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The unit used for the duty factor is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>3 dB\/cm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The typical value for attenuation coefficient for 6 MHz ultrasound in soft tissue is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>perpendicular<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Normal incidence occurs when the ultrasound beam travels ____ to the boundary between the two media<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>acoustic impedance mismatch<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The amount of energy transmitted and\/or reflected at the boundary between two media depends on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>solid<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following has a higher acoustic impedance coefficient?<br>A. SOLID<br>B. LIQUID<br>C. GAS<br>D. ALL HAVE EQUAL ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE COEFFICIENT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>of medium 2 &gt; medium 1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>According to Snell&#8217;s law, the transmission angle is greater than the incidence angle if the propagation speed<br>A. OF MEDIUM 2 &gt; MEDIUM 1<br>B. OF MEDIUM 1 &gt; MEDIUM 2<br>C. OF TWO MEDIA ARE EQUAL<br>D. IS CALCULATED 3 dB DOWN<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>propagation speed and pulse round-trip time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>According to the range equation, what two things are necessary to calculate the distance to the reflector?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>diaphragm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The mirror image artifact is commonly seen around what structure?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>either a much lower or a much higher acoustic impedance than its surroundings<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The comet tail artifact can be seen posterior to an object that has<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>tissue\u2212gas interface<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following may produce the comet tail artifact?<br>A. LIVER\u2212KIDNEY INTERFACE<br>B. SPLEEN\u2212KIDNEY INTERFACE<br>C. TISSUE\u2212GAS INTERFACE<br>D. GAS\u2212FLUID INTERFACE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>farther than it really is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the ultrasound beam passes through a mass in the liver that contains fat, how might the diaphragmatic echo posterior to it appear?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increasing damping<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Bandwidth can be increased by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all the above<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following will not affect the echo intensity in the image?<br>A. OUTPUT POWER<br>B. OVERALL GAIN<br>C. TIME GAIN CURVE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dynamic range<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>On some sonographic equipment, adjusting the compression will affect which of the following processes?<br>A. SLOPE POSITION<br>B. DYNAMIC RANGE<br>C. OUTPUT<br>D. BALANCE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>better axial resolution than lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Generally, ultrasound transducers have<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1000 Hz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The pulse repetition frequency of an ultrasound unit is typically<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>brightness modulation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>B-mode display denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>99.9%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What percentage of the time is a typical pulsed ultrasound system capable of receiving echoes?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decreases by \u00bd<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the frequency doubles, what happens to the wavelength?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>linear-sequenced array<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following does not display a sector format?<br>A. LINEAR-SEQUENCED<br>B. ELECTRONIC-PHASED ARRAY<br>C. MECHANICAL ROTATING WHEEL<br>D. MECHANICAL WOBBLER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>impedance formula<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Z = \u03c1V<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lead zirconate titanate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is most commonly used in ultrasound transducers?<br>A. LEAD ZIRCONATE TITANATE (PZT)<br>B. BARIUM SULFATE<br>C. METANIOBATE<br>D. QUARTZ<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>improve lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Transmit-delay focusing in a linear array transducer will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>For real-time systems, which of the following is not related to the other?<br>A. FRAME RATE<br>B. LINES PER FRAME<br>C. PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY<br>D. FREQUENCY<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pulse emitted per second<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The pulse repetition frequency is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>beam steering<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not a role of the pulser?<br>A. DRIVING THE TRANSDUCER<br>B. TELLING RECEIVER WHEN ULTRASOUND PULSES ARE PRODUCED<br>C. TELLING MEMORY WHEN ULTRASOUND PULSES ARE PRODUCED<br>D. BEAM STEERING<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>converting the voltage delivered to the receiver from one form to another<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Demodulation is a process of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>demodulation &amp; compression<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following are not operator adjustable?<br>A. COMPENSATION &amp; REJECTION<br>B. AMPLIFICATION &amp; COMPENSATION<br>C. DEMODULATION &amp; COMPRESSION<br>D. REJECTION &amp; AMPLIFICATION<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following varies with distance from the transducer?<br>A. LATERAL RESOLUTION<br>B. FREQUENCY<br>C. AXIAL RESOLUTION<br>D. SPATIAL PULSE LENGTH<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What number is period?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/.Y.WFyo5oUx16dkQGxXHfw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: #3\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decreasing half-intensity depth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Increasing axial resolution by increasing frequency also results in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reflection<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Redirection of a portion of the ultrasound beam from a boundary is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>binary numbers<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Digital computers use a special number system called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>binary digit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>bit denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>byte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An 8-bit binary number is referred to as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>program<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not an example of computer hardware?<br>A. MONITOR<br>B. PROGRAM<br>C. DISK DRIVE<br>D. PRINTER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>random access memory<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The acronym RAM denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>read only memory<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The acronym ROM denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>printer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not an input device?<br>A. KEYBOARD<br>B. PRINTER<br>C. DISK DRIVE<br>D. MAGNETIC DISK<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ROM<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is the type of permanent memory that is produced at the time of manufacture and cannot be changed by the computer user?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>EPROM<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The type of programmable memory that allows the user to write, store, or erase data is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>central processing unit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>CPU denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>8, 16, 32, or 64 bits<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The most common binary word length in microprocessors is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>128 \u00d7 1024 \u00d7 8 = 1,048,576<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An 8-bit word microcomputer with 128K words of memory can store how many bits of data?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ultraviolet light<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The contents of EPROM can be completely erased by what application?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>modem<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A sonographic image can be transferred from one computer to another by way of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>BASIC<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The most commonly used programming language for personal computer is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>baud rate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The unit for measuring the speed of data communication is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>hard disk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following disks has the highest storage capacity and fastest access time?<br>A. 3\u00bd-IN MICROFLOPPY DOUBLE DENSITY<br>B. HARD DISK<br>C. 5\u00bc-IN MINIFLOPPY<br>D. 3\u00bd-IN MICROFLOPPY HIGH DENSITY<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>beginner&#8217;s all-purpose symbolic instruction code<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The acronym BASIC denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>modem<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An electronic device that translates signals from digital into analog and analog into digital<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>two<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Each binary digit in a binary number is represented in memory by a memory element, which at any time is in one of ____ states.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>two<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In binary numbers, how many values are used for each digit?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>11110<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The number 30 in binary is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>(2\u2074 = )16<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>How many gray levels (echo amplitude levels) can a 4-bit deep digital scan converter store?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>6<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An ultrasound instrument that could represent 64 shades of gray would require a ____ bit memory<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>heating, cavitation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following are effects seen in tissue at high ultrasound intensities?<br>A. FUSION, IONIZATION<br>B. HEATING, CAVITATION<br>C. EXPANSION, ENCRUSTATION<br>D. REABSORPTION, DEHYDRATION<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>amplification, compensation, compression, rejection<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What are the functions performed by the receiver in the ultrasound machine?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a large amplitude pulse from the transducer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A large amplitude pulse from the pulser results in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>transducer and receiver<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Voltage pulses from the pulser go to the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pulser, transducer, receiver, image memory, display<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The five major components of a pulse-echo ultrasound system are<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>cutting a curved transducer element (subdicing) and\/or using an acoustic lens<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Transducers are focused by two major methods: internal focusing and external focusing. These methods can be accomplished by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>none; unitless<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The unit applied to the Q factor (quality factor) that describes the ratio of operating frequency to bandwidth is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>shadowing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Reduction in echoes from a region distal to an attenuating structure<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>enhancement<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An increase in echoes from a region distal to a weakly attenuating structure or tissue<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>anechoic<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Without echoes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>artifact<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An echo that does not correspond to the real echo information<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>echogenic<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A structure that possesses echoes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>hyperechoic<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Echoes of higher amplitude than the normal surrounding tissue<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>hypoechoic<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Echoes of lower amplitude than the normal surrounding tissues<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>interface<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The surface forming the boundary between two media having different acoustic impedance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>sonolucent<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A tissue or structure that does not have internal echoes (echo-free)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>air<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The backing material that is usually constructed in a continuous wave Doppler transducer is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>surgical, therapeutic, and Doppler<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Transducers with continuous wave operation are commonly used in which applications?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>water waves<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following waves are visible under normal conditions?<br>A. WATER WAVES<br>B. X-RAY WAVES<br>C. RADIO WAVES<br>D. SOUND WAVES<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a vacuum<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound CANNOT travel in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Lambda (\u03bb) represents<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>period<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The time it takes to complete a single cycle is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>20 Hz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A wave vibration at 20 cycles per second has frequency of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1 MHz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A wave vibrating at 1 million cycles per second has a frequency of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>transducer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The device that produces the ultrasound beam is commonly called a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A graphic presentation with vertical spikes arising from a horizontal baseline; the height of the vertical spikes represents the amplitude of the deflected echo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>B-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A 2D image of internal body structures displayed as dots; the brightness of the dots is proportional to the amplitude of the echo; the image is applicable to both real-time and static scanners<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>M-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A graphic presentation of moving structures in a waveform; the display is presented as a group of lines representing the motion of moving interfaces versus time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>silicon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is NOT an essential part of the cathode-ray tube (CRT)?<br>A. ELECTRON GUN<br>B. FLUORESCENT SCREEN<br>C. SILICON<br>D. DEFLECTION SYSTEM (HORIZONTAL &amp; VERTICAL PLATES)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>vacuum<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The CRT used in ultrasound usually encloses<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>anode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The positively charged CRT terminal is called the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>cathode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The negatively charged CRT terminal is called the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>beam diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The intensity of the ultrasound beam depends on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Huygens&#8217;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Whose principal states &#8220;All points on an ultrasound waveform can be considered as point sources for the production of secondary spherical wavelets&#8221;?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>duty factor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The fraction of time that a pulsed ultrasound system is actually producing ultrasound is called the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>sector, linear, and annular scanners<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Real-time ultrasound instrumentation can be classified as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the compressibility of the medium<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The speed at which ultrasound propagates within a medium depends primarily on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reverberation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An artifact that results from a pulse that has traveled two or more round-trip distances between the transducer and the interface is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>gain<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The ratio of output of electric power to input electric power is termed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Multipath<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What type of artifacts result from echoes that take an indirect path back to the transducer?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>analog and digital<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A scan converter will accept echo signals from the receiver and store them in the &#8220;memory&#8221; of the instrument. Identify the types of memory used in scan converters.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>preprocessing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>To achieve the best possible digital representation of an analog system, the echo signals should undergo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency &amp; transducer diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Near zone length may be increased by increasing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>density<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>mass divided by volume<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>propagation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Progression or travel<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>number of cycles per unit time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>power<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>rate at which work is done<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>duty factor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the product of pulse duration and pulse repetition frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>bandwidth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>range of frequencies contained in the ultrasound pulse<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>impedance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>density multiplied by sound propagation speed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>absorption<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>conversion of sound to heat<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>quality factor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>operating frequency divided by bandwidth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>intensity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>power divided by area<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>DECREASED EFFICIENCY, SENSITIVITY AND SPL<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is a true definition for a highly damped transducer?<br>A. INCREASED EFFICIENCY, SENSITIVITY, AND SPL<br>B. DECREASED EFFICIENCY, SENSITIVITY, AND SPL<br>C. INCREASED EFFICIENCY AND SENSITIVITY, BUT DECREASED SPL<br>D. DECREASED EFFICIENCY, BUT INCREASED SENSITIVITY AND SPL<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>attenuation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Gain compensation is necessary due to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spectral analysis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The frequency bandwidth may be determined by which of the following?<br>A. SPECTRAL ANALYSIS<br>B. SCHLIEREN SYSTEM<br>C. HYDROPHONE ANALYSIS<br>D. CATHOD ANALYSIS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>analog<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>This type of scan converter stores any increment of signal amplitude<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>(2\u2075 = 32 then 42\/32 =) 1.3 dB\/gray level<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The gray-scale resolution for a 5-bit digital instrument that has a dynamic range of 42 dB is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>(Distance = velocity \u00d7 time, so 1540 \u00d7 0.01 = 15.4 m \u00d7 2 =) 30.8 m<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If it takes 0.01 second for a pulse emitted by the transducer to reach an echo source of soft tissue, what distance must the pulse travel to be recorded?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>edge artifact<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An artifact that is produced from interaction of the incident beam with a curved surface and results in an acoustic shadow is referred to as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>split image artifact<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An artifact that results from refraction of the ultrasound beam at a muscle-fat interface and give rise to double images is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>comet tail artifact<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An artifact that would least likely produce a pseudo-mass is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>athletic patients and mesomorphic habitus patients<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Split image artifact is more noticeable in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>gas bubble<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is the least likely cause for a split image artifact?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>partial volume effect<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The most likely cause for a beam thickness artifact is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>beam angle<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Beam thickness artifact is primarily dependent on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>may be diffuse or specular in appearance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is NOT true for side lobe artifact?<br>A. CAUSED BY MULTIPLE SIDE LOBES OF THE TRANSDUCER<br>B. APPARENT IN REAL-TIME IMAGE<br>C. MAY BE DIFFUSE OR SPECULAR IN APPEARANCE<br>D. NOT VISIBLE ON REAL-TIME IMAGE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>metallic surgical clips (or shotgun pellets)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is likely to produce a comet tail artifact?<br>A. BONE INTERFACE<br>B. METALLIC SURGICAL CLIPS<br>C. GALLSTONES<br>D. GAS INTERFACE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>comet tail artifact<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The most common type of artifact encountered in patients with shotgun wounds is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ring-down artifact<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The type of reverberation echo that usually results from a small gas bubble and appears as a high-amplitude echo occurring at regular intervals is called a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>can be calculated using Snell&#8217;s law<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The amount of splitting that occurs in a split image artifact for a given structure<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>main bang<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The first vertical deflection on the A-mode that corresponds to the transducer face is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>annular-array real-time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The type of real-time system that employs a combination of electronic and mechanical means is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decrease in amplitude of the returning echo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the amount of acoustic coupling medium is insufficient, what changes could result?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>videotape recorder<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not a hard copy?<br>A. X-RAY FILM<br>B. POLAROID FILM<br>C. DYE SUBLIMATION COLOR PRINT<br>D. VIDEOTAPE RECORDER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>M-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What mode is displayed in this diagram?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/O0.3U5gia8rJvFxiOrKTkw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: M-mode\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>B-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What mode is displayed in this diagram?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/GuxztZSw4d6NtGWXLuIy1A.jpg\" alt=\"Image: B-mode\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What mode is displayed in this diagram?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/7SDPVNBGPh7t86F7u5iAwQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: A-mode\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>biologic effects<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The effects of diagnostic ultrasound on human soft tissue are called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1.54 mm\/\u00b5s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The average propagation speed of ultrasound in soft tissue is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>slope<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is C?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/F7pk3ycJ-7TzIknxiNknRw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: slope\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>delay<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is B?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/F7pk3ycJ-7TzIknxiNknRw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: delay\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>far gain<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is D?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/F7pk3ycJ-7TzIknxiNknRw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: far gain\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>near gain<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is A?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/F7pk3ycJ-7TzIknxiNknRw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: near gain\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>attenuation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Progressive weakening of the sound beam as it travels through a medium<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>bistable<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Having two stages<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>bit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>binary digit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>cavitation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The production and behavior of bubbles in sound<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>coupling medium<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A liquid placed between the transducer and the skin<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>damping<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A method of reducing pulse duration by electrical or mechanical means<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>gray scale<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The number of intensity levels between black and white<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>matching layer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Plastic material placed in front of the transducer face to reduce the reflection at the transducer surface<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pixel<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>picture element<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>static imaging<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>single-frame imaging<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>W\/cm\u00b2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The intensity of ultrasound is measured in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>100 mW\/cm\u00b2 SPTA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>There is no known adverse biologic effect in tissue at intensities below<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spatial peak temporal average<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The acronym SPTA denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>kg\/m\u00b3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>units for density<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>m\/s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>units for speed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Hz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>units for frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>J (joules)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>units for work<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>W\/cm\u00b2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>units for intensity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>m<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>units for wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>units for attenuation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.002 W\/cm\u00b2\u22120.5 W\/cm\u00b2 SPTA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The general range of intensities in diagnostic ultrasound is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.5 W\/cm\u00b2\u22122.0 W\/cm\u00b2 SPTA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The general range of intensities in therapeutic ultrasound is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ionizing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following characteristics does NOT apply to diagnostic ultrasound at normal diagnostic intensity levels?<br>A. NONINVASIVE<br>B. ATRAUMATIC<br>C. IONIZING<br>D. NONTOXIC<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>heat<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The most common result of high intensity ultrasound is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>production and behavior of gas bubbles<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In the study of bioeffects, cavitation denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>stable and transient<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The two types of cavitation are<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Doppler<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The instrument used to detect frequency shift is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>specular reflections<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Occur when the interface is larger than the wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>nonspecular reflections<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>occur when the interface is smaller than the wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spatial average temporal average<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The acronym SATA denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spatial peak pulse average<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>SPPA denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>static<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The mode not applicable to a Doppler instrument is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>5 MHz, short focus<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following transducers would be most useful for imaging superficial structures<br>A. 5 MHz, SHORT FOCUS<br>B. 3 MHz, LONG FOCUS<br>C. 5 MHz, LONG FOCUS<br>D. 2.5 MHz, SHORT FOCUS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>3 MHz, long focus<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following transducers would be most useful for good penetration on an obese patient?<br>A. 5 MHz, SHORT FOCUS<br>B. 3 MHz, LONG FOCUS<br>C. 5 MHz, LONG FOCUS<br>D. 2.5 MHz, SHORT FOCUS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pixel<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The digital memory representts a picture element called a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>about 16<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>How many shades of gray can the human eye distinguish?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>512 \u00d7 512 \u00d7 6-bit deep<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The most recent digital storage emplys what size memory?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>it is subject to aliasing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A disadvantage of pulsed-wave Doppler (PW) relative to continuous-wave Doppler (CW) is that<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all the above<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following utilize a TGC?<br>A. STATIC SYSTEM<br>B. REAL-TIME SYSTEM<br>C. BISTABLE SYSTEM<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dissipation of heat by conduction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is the effect of ultrasound absorption on tissues at normal intensity levels?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>525<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Video monitors normally have how many horizontal lines?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>30<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>How many frames per second are displayed by a video monitor?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>60<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>How many times each second does the electron beam scan each field on a standard video monitor to produce a flicker-free display?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>20-25 dB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The dynamic range of the dots on the average oscilloscope or CRT monitor is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>number of rows and columns<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The term matrix, when referring to digital memory denotes<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>squares on a checkerboard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Digital memory can be visualized as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>echo-free<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A region that is anechoic is displayed as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>echogenic<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A region that is hyperechoic is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>impedance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following cannot be measured by a hydrophone?<br>A. PRESSURE AMPLITUDE<br>B. SPL<br>C. IMPEDANCE<br>D. INTENSITY<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>transducer elements<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The hydrophone is made up of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>growth retardation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Bioeffects at medium intensity levels on laboratory animals have resulted in?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>refraction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is the least likely cause for attenuation?<br>A. ABSORPTION<br>B. REFLECTION<br>C. REFRACTION<br>D. SCATTERING<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>absorption<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Conversion of sound to heat<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>diffraction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Spreading out of the ultrasound beam<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>scattering<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Redirection of the sound beam in several directions<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>recommended by the transducer manufacturer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The method for sterilizing transducers is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>liver interface or cystic structure<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An example of an acoustic window is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The binary number 1010 equals the decimal number<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>fluoroscopy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Real-time imaging is similar to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>fast<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When attempting to identify fetal heart motion, the frame rate of the real-time system should be set at a ______ rate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all transverse scans should be viewed from the patient&#8217;s feet<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The recommended orientation for a transverse scan.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the patient&#8217;s head to the left of the image and feet to the right of image<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The recommended orientation for longitudinal scans is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>receiver<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Demodulation is a function performed by the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ultrasound waves can be polarized<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following statements about ultrasound waves is not true?<br>A. ULTRASOUND WAVES ARE MECHANICAL VIBRATING ENERGY<br>B. ULTRASOUND WAVES CAN BE POLARIZED<br>C. ULTRASOUND WAVES ARE NOT PART OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM<br>D. ULTRASOUND WAVES CANNOT TRAVEL IN A VACUUM<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>quartz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The transducer crystal most likely to be employed in high-frequency work, above 18 MHz, is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all the above<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The advantage that PZT-5 has over other ceramic materials is that it is<br>A. EASY TO SHAPE<br>B. EFFECTIVE AT LOW VOLTAGE<br>C. INEXPENSIVE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>PZT-5<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The trade name for lead zirconate titanate is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>256<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>How many shades of gray can be displayed using a scan converter with 8 bits per memory element<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>mechanical sector real-time transducer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The transducer that would be best suited for intercostal scanning is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound &#8211; no contrast media, Fluoroscopy &#8211; potential biologic effects; whereas ultrasound &#8211; no known biologic effects at normal intensity level, ultrasound &#8211; nonionizing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The difference between real-time ultrasound and fluoroscopy is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>hypaque for IVP examination, telepaque for oral cholecystogram<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which contrast media used in x-ray do not obscure the propagation of ultrasound?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>acoustic lens<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A device used to focus sound beams<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>picture element<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pixel<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>pie shaped<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>sector<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>device that changes sound waves into visible light patterns<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>acousto-optical converter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>side lobe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the portion of the sound beam outside of the main beam<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>wavefront<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>imaginary surface passing through particles of the same vibration as an ultrasound wave<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>unit of impedance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>rayl<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the ratio between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Snell&#8217;s Law<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the change in frequency as a result of reflector motion between the transducer and the reflector<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Doppler effect<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>beam diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Lateral resolution is equal to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>aluminum, Perspex (acrylic plastic), polystyrene<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following materials are used to make acoustic lenses?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a concave\/convex mirror, acoustic lenses<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound beams can be focused and defocused with the use of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.1\u22121.5 mm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The normal range of wavelength in medical application is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>individual cells<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following cannot be distinguished on diagnostic ultrasound?<br>A. TISSUE<br>B. SOLID MASS<br>C. INDIVIDUAL CELLS<br>D. MALE \/ FEMALE GENETALIA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>mass per unit volume<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Density is defined as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>viscosity, frequency, distance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound absorption is directly proportional to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>no known effect<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The confirmed bioeffects on pregnant women with the use of real-time diagnostic instruments is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>neurocranial damage<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The confirmed bioeffects on pregnant mice exposed to continuous wave ultrasound in a laboratory setting have resulted in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>low frequency and high intensity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following combinations of frequency and intensity would most likely result in cavitation?<br>A. HIGH FREQUENCY AND LOW INTENSITY<br>B. LOW FREQUENCY AND HIGH INTENSITY<br>C. HIGH FREQUENCY AND HIGH INTENSITY<br>D. INTENSITY HAS NO EFFECT ON CAVITATION<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>in vivo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>living human tissue<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>in vitro<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>tissue cultures in a test tube<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spectral analysis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A method of analyzing a waveform<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>viscoelasticity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The property of a medium characterized by energy distortion in the medium and irreversibly converted to heat<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>rejection<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>elimination of small amplitude echo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>relaxation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a process of acoustic energy absorption<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>real cell stasis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>an in vivo phenomenon characterized by erythrocytes within small vessels stopping the flow and collecting in the low pressure regions of the standing wavefield<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>acoustic power<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>energy transported per unit time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>all are false or unconfirmed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Which statements about bioeffects are unconfirmed?<br>A. ULTRASOUND EXPOSURE IN HUMANS IS ACCUMULATIVE<br>B. MOST HARMFUL BIOEFFECTS THAT OCCURRED IN EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN CONFIRMED IN HUMANS IN A CLINICAL SETTING<br>C. INTENSITY, FREQUENCY, AND EXPOSURE TIME USED ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS WERE COMPATIBLE THOSE USED IN A CLINICAL SETTING<br>D. CONTINUOUS WAVE USED IN EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES GIVES THE SAME TISSUE EXPOSURE AS PULSED ULTRASOUND USED IN A CLINICAL SETTING<br>E. THE EXPOSURE OF PREGNANT WOMEN TO HIGH INTENSITY LEVELS RESULTED IN GROWTH RETARDATION OF THEIR OFFSPRING<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>NONE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The number of known human injuries resulting from diagnostic ultrasound exposure is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>no distinction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is the distinction between real-time scans and B-scans?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>uninhibited to propagation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Transonic regions are always<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>static imaging<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not related to real-time?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>gray scale<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is not a component of the time-gain compensation (TGC) curve?<br>A. GRAY SCALE<br>B. FAR GAIN<br>C. KNEE<br>D. DELAY<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.5\u22124 kHz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The range of pulse repetition frequencies used in diagnostic ultrasound is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>wavelength, cycles<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The SPL is defined as the product of the ____ multiplied by the number of ____ in a pulse<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A-mode, M-mode<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which modes are one dimensional?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>some Doppler instruments<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Continuous wave ultrasound is used in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Doppler<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which imaging modality is audible?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>continuous wave<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which mode requires two crystals: one for transmitting, and one for receiving?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>acoustic mirror<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a># 461<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/rW-PKZQqOjUOSuCBZqFcAQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: acoustic mirror\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>piezoelectric crystal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#462<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/rW-PKZQqOjUOSuCBZqFcAQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: piezoelectric crystal\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>scanner head<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#463<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/rW-PKZQqOjUOSuCBZqFcAQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: scanner head\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>motor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>#464<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/rW-PKZQqOjUOSuCBZqFcAQ.jpg\" alt=\"Image: motor\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.2\u2212400 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The normal range of intensities used in Doppler instruments is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>higher frequency than the incident frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the media boundary is moving toward the source, the reflected sound wave will have<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>lower frequency than incident frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the media boundary is moving away from the source, the result will be<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>bidirectional<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A Doppler instrument that can distinguish between positive and negative shifts is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>color Doppler is not beneficial<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which statement about Doppler application is not true?<br>A. COLOR DOPPLER IS NOT BENEFICIAL<br>B. DOPPLER CAN PRODUCE AUDIBLE SOUND<br>C. DOPPLER INSTRUMENTS USE BOTH PULSED AND CONTINUOUS WAVE<br>D. DOPPLER CAN DISPLAY AN IMAGE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>near gain<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>control used to suppress or increase echoes in the near field<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>far gain<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>control used to suppress or increase echoes in the far field<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>slope<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>control the upward incline of the TGC, used to display an even texture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>delay<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>control used to delay the start of a slope<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>knee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>controls the point where the slope ends<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>bandwidth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The range of frequencies contained in an ultrasound pulse is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Q factor, Duty factor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which quantity is unitless?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>fluid-filled mass<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following would be most likely to cause acoustic enhancement?<br>A. A SOLID MASS<br>B. A FLUID-FILLED MASS<br>C. A CALCIFIED MASS<br>D. A GALLSTONE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>calcified mass<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following would be most likely to cause acoustic shadowing?<br>A. GALLBLADDER<br>B. FLUID-FILLED MASS<br>C. CALCIFIED MASS<br>D. URINARY BLADDER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Continuous wave doppler uses how many piezoelectric elements?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>30\u00b0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The greatest Doppler angle is achieved when the beam strikes a vessel at a ____ angle<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>20 dB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the power output of an amplifier is 100 times the power at the input, the gain is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>TGC, DGC<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which control is used to minimize the effects of attenuation?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>refraction, propagation speed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When an ultrasound beam passes obliquely across the boundary between two materials, ____ will occur if there is a difference in ____ in the two materials.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>better axial resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A decreased pulse duration leads to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>{R = [(75-25) \/ (75+25)]\u00b2 = (50\/100)\u00b2 = 0.5\u00b2 =} 0.25 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What is the reflected intensity from a boundary between two materials if the incident intensity is 1mW\/cm\u00b2 and the impedances are 25 and 75<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency and diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The near zone length of an unfocused transducer depends on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>element thickness<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The frequency of a transducer depends primarily on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>refraction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An ultrasound beam that is normally incident on an interface will experience no<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1.54 mm\/\u00b5s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The average speed of propagation of ultrasound in soft tissue is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>(5\/500 =) 1%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The duty factor for a system with a pulse duration of 5 \u00b5s and a pulse repetition period of 500 \u00b5s is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>20 kHz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound is defined as sound with frequencies above<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>tissue attenuation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Frequency is a significant factor in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>(0.5 \u00d7 3.5 = 1.75 \u00d7 2 =) 3.5 dB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In a pulse-echo system, a 3.5 MHz beam of 2 cm of tissue will be attenuated by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>propagation speed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The characteristic acoustic impedance of a material is equal to the product of the material density and<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: For a focused transducer, the beam intensity will remain constant through the scan field<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>70%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>For normal incidence, if the intensity reflection coefficient is 30%, the intensity transmission coefficient will be<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequencies<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A Fourier transform of a returning echo will result in a presentation of the ____ contained within the echo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>distance, velocity, and time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The range equation relates<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>SPL<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The axial resolution of a system is determined by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>90\u00b0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The Doppler shift frequency is zero when the angle between the receiving transducer and the flow direction is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: The frame rate of real-time scanner that uses an electronic array will be limited only by the speed of the scan converter memory.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the ratio of the maximum to the minimum intensity that can be processed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The dynamic range of a pulse-echo ultrasound system is defined as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>smaller<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The digital scan converter will generally have a dynamic range that is ____ than other components of the system<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>compensates for attenuation effects<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The time-gain or depth-gain compensation control<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>computer memory<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A digital scan converter is essentially a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: A mechanical real-time scanner will always produce images at a slower frame rate than does an electronic real-time scanner.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>weakly attenuating structures<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Acoustic enhancement can be observed when scanning<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Changes in the preprocessing controls will not affect the numbers stored in the scan converter.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>is equal to beam diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The lateral resolution of a system<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increased frame rate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the lines per degree in a mechanical sector scanner remain constant, a decreased sector angle can result in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>reject control<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The threshold control is equivalent to the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>too close to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the actual propagation speed in soft tissue is 1700 m\/s, current diagnostic scanners will display a reflector at a location _____ the transducer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>some Doppler systems<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Continuous-wave (CW) ultrasound is used in<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>15 dB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the gain of an amplifier is 18 dB, what will the new gain setting be if the gain setting is reduced by one-half?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>decreases the maximum depth imaged<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Decreasing the pulse repetition period<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>spatial resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The AIUM 100 mm test object measures<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Real-time imaging is impossible without electronic arrays.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increase with increased steering angle<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Grating lobes in electronic array systems<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>dB\/cm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The attenuation coefficient is expressed in units of<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>wavelength, velocity, and frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The wave equation relates<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>sensitivity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The ability of a system to detect low-amplitude echoes accurately is referred to as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>thermal and cavitation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The primary mechanisms whereby ultrasound can produce biologic effects are<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>frequency and transducer diameter<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The near-zone length of a transducer depends on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>no confirmed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The AIUM Committee on Biological Effects (1982) stated that _____ biologic effects have been observed for ultrasound intensities below 100 mW\/cm\u00b2.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>focal zone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The intensity of a focused beam is generally highest at the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>0.3 mm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The wavelength of a 5 MHz wave passing through soft tissue is approximately<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>\u00bd<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An echo that has undergone an attenuation of 3 dB will have an intensity that is ___ its initial intensity.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: A pulse-echo system should have a high Q factor (quality factor).<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a wide band of frequencies centered at 5 MHz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A 5 MHz transducer used in a pulse-echo system will generally produce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>thickness, resonance frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The transducer ____ determines its ______.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increased damping, sensitivity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The axial resolution of a transducer can be improved with _____ but at the expense of _____.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>piezoelectric<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A material that changes its dimensions when an electric field is applied is called ____ material.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>matching<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The process of making the impedance values on either side of a boundary as close as possible to reduce reflections is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>constructive interference<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When the pressure peaks of two waves coincide at a point to produce a new pressure that is larger than either of the two initial waves, the effect is called<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>highly attenuating structures<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Shadowing occurs with<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>multiple strong reflecting structures<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Reverberation artifacts occur with<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>good axial resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a transducer with a large bandwidth is likely to have<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Fresnel zone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The near zone is also referred to as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>normal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Refraction will not occur at an interface with _____ incidence of the ultrasound beam.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the pulser voltage spike<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Acoustic power output is determined primarily by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>large and smooth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Specular reflections occur when the reflecting surface is ______ with respect to the wavelength<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Snell&#8217;s law<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The angle at which an ultrasound beam is bent as it passes through a boundary between two different materials is described mathematically by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>mechanically<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>An annular array real-time scanner is steered<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>90-100%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The percentage of an ultrasound beam reflected at an interface between gas and soft tissue is approximately<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1-10%<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The percentage of an ultrasound beam reflected at an interface between fat and muscle is approximately<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The focal zone can be moved to the skin surface<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>By using a waterpath offset<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>longitudinal compression waves; longitudinal mechanical waves<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Ultrasound waves in tissue are referred to as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>shorter, less<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>High-frequency transducers have ___ wavelengths and ____ penetration<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ring-down time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When the peizoelectric crystal continues to vibrate after the initial voltage pulse, this is referred to as<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>electronically focus in two dimensions rather than one<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Annular phased arrays unlike linear phased arrays<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>gas, muscle, bone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Arrange in the correct order of increasing propagation speed.<br>GAS, BONE MUSCLE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>resolution, penetration<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The lower useful range of diagnostic ultrasound is determined primarily by ____; whereas, the upper useful range is determined by _____.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Color Doppler systems are not subject to aliasing.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>SPTP is always \u2265 SPTA<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Which of the following is true?<br>A. SPTA IS ALWAYS \u2265 SPTP<br>B. SPTP IS ALWAYS \u2265 SPTA<br>C. SATA IS ALWAYS \u2265 SATP<br>D. SPTA IS ALWAYS \u2265 SATP<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a hydrophone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>A beam-intensity profile is often mapped with<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>electronic or mechanical<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Real-time scanners are generally classified as either<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Schlieren method<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The technique of passing an ultrasound beam through water so that compression and rarefaction of the water molecules allow the beam pattern to be measured is referred to as the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>time<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Pulse duration is the _____ for a pulse to occur.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>the frequency<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The frame rate of a real-time scanner will not depend on<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>W\/cm\u00b2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The unit of measure of SPTA is<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Curie point<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>The piezoelectric properties of a transducer will be lost if the crystal is heated above the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>increase ninefold<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the amplitude of a wave is increased threefold, the intensity will<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: A videotape recorder records at a rate of 30 frames\/s and therefore cannot be used to record images from a mechanical scanner operating at lower frame rates.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>unchanged<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>If the frequency is increased, the velocity (propagation speed) will be _____.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>electronic time-delay pulsing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Beam steering is achieved in a linear phased array by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>array based systems<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Dynamic focusing is made possible by<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>True\/False: Quality assurance measurements are not required with electronic scanners with digital scan converters.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>1.54 mm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Sound will travel ____ in 1 \u00b5s in soft tissue<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>ring down artifact<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What does the arrow point to?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/3-dQndLjn0et.8nrA02dhg.jpg\" alt=\"Image: ring down artifact\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>rods for measuring &#8220;ring-down&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In this image, which represents a tissue-equivalent phantom, the small open arrows point to?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/a2yJAzwvdHlOBIWErz3csw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: rods for measuring &quot;ring-down&quot;\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a simulated solid lesion<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What does the curved open arrow point to?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/a2yJAzwvdHlOBIWErz3csw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: a simulated solid lesion\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>a simulated cyst<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>What does the solid black arrow point to?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quizlet.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/f=auto,fit=cover,h=200,onerror=redirect,w=240\/https:\/\/o.quizlet.com\/a2yJAzwvdHlOBIWErz3csw.jpg\" alt=\"Image: a simulated cyst\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a>greater range ambiguity artifacts<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>When the FOV is reduced by decreasing the PRP, the following is more likely to occur<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>gas-filled bubbles<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>At the present time, most ultrasound contrast agents are based upon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>perfluorocarbon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Microspheres filled with this material is currently used as an ultrasound contrast agent.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>higher frequencies<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>In harmonic imaging, received echoes used for the image have _____ than in ordinary pulse-echo imaging.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>better lateral resolution<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Harmonic imaging relative to conventional pulse-echo imaging has<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>steering the beam to achieve larger echoes at a specific image location.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>Compounding, in the context of real-time ultrasound scanners, refers to<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sources;<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gcu.edu\/\nhttps:\/\/yaveni.com\/\nhttps:\/\/www.rasmussen.edu\/\nhttps:\/\/www.chamberlain.edu\/\nhttps:\/\/smartu.smartsheet.com\/page\/smartsheet-certified\nhttps:\/\/www.healthstream.com\/HLCHelp\/Administrator\/Reports\/Education_Reports\/Test_Question_Analysis_Report.htm\nhttps:\/\/trailhead.salesforce.com\/en\/credentials\/administrator\nhttps:\/\/education.gainsight.com\/page\/gainsight-certification-programs\nhttps:\/\/a.iaabo.org\/rules-quizzes\/\nhttps:\/\/www.ardms.org\/get-certified\/spi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.gcu.edu\/<br>https:\/\/yaveni.com\/<br>https:\/\/www.rasmussen.edu\/<br>https:\/\/www.chamberlain.edu\/<br>https:\/\/smartu.smartsheet.com\/page\/smartsheet-certified<br>https:\/\/www.healthstream.com\/HLCHelp\/Administrator\/Reports\/Education_Reports\/Test_Question_Analysis_Report.htm<br>https:\/\/trailhead.salesforce.com\/en\/credentials\/administrator<br>https:\/\/education.gainsight.com\/page\/gainsight-certification-programs<br>https:\/\/a.iaabo.org\/rules-quizzes\/<br>https:\/\/www.ardms.org\/get-certified\/spi\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ARDMS SPI Exam Review (Latest 2023\/ 2024 Update) Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A ARDMS SPI Exam Review (Latest 2023\/2024 Update) Questions and VerifiedAnswers| 100% Correct| Grade AQ: What happens to axial resolution when spatial pulse length is decreased?Answer:improvesQ: How much will a 3.5 MHz pulse be attenuated after passing through 2 cm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130757"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130757\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130757"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130757"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}