{"id":131132,"date":"2024-01-02T03:47:08","date_gmt":"2024-01-02T03:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=131132"},"modified":"2024-01-02T03:47:09","modified_gmt":"2024-01-02T03:47:09","slug":"nr-565-advanced-pharmacology-fundamentals-midterm-exam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2024\/01\/02\/nr-565-advanced-pharmacology-fundamentals-midterm-exam\/","title":{"rendered":"NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals Midterm Exam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals Midterm Exam<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uf0b7 Side effects of Ace inhibitors<br>Correct Answer:<br>CATCHH<br>Cough<br>Angioedema\/abdominal pain<br>Teratogen (fetal renal malformations)<br>Creatinine increased<br>Hyperkalemia<br>Hypotension<br>Others * leukopenia, myalgia, headache, renal insufficiency.<br>\uf0b7 Method of action of ace inhibitors<br>Correct Answer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), interfering with conversion<br>of angiotension I to angiotensin II<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>inhibit the breakdown of bradykinin to potent\/natural vasodilator by<br>blocking the enzyme kininase II<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\uf0b7 Mechanism of action of Digoxin<br>Correct Answer:<br>inhibition of Na\/K ATPase in the plasma membrane<br>=increased calcium in sarcoplasmic reticulum<br>= excitation coupling occurs<br>= increased cardiac contractibility (intropy)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SA node is depressed by stimulating vagal activity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>prolonged AV node conduction via vagal stimulation<br>*decreases activation of sympathetic nervous system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>increases CO and cause diuresis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>not as effective in high output failure<br>*improved quality of life but no decrease in mortality<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uf0b7 Antihypertensive medication classes contraindicated in asthma.<br>Correct Answer:<br>Beta blockers- increased bronchial obstruction and airway reactivity, may<br>exacerbate COPD\/asthma<br>ACEs- can cause cough (then use ARB)<br>***Ca++ channel blockers are preferred with asthma &amp; COPD<br>\uf0b7 Mechanism of action of Penicillin.<br>Correct Answer:<br>Inhibition of forming bacterial cell wall by interfering with the final stage of<br>peptidoglycan synthesis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bind to the active site of PBPs(Penicillin Binding Proteins). This prevents<br>cross-linking peptides from binding to the tetrapeptide side chains.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>activates autolytic enzymes<br>\uf0b7 Uses of PCN<br>Correct Answer:<br>mild to moderately severe infections such as pneumococcus, staphyloccus,<br>group A strep, T.Pallidum (syphillus and diptheria), h influenza, shigella,<br>gonorrhea and e-coli.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uf0b7 Uses of beta-blockers<br>Correct Answer:<br>HTN, Angina, Secondary prevention post-MI, Chronic HF, Arrhythmias. Other<br>uses for nonselective BB include prophylactic treatment of migraines, graves&#8217;<br>disease, glaucoma, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, and essential tremors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals Midterm Exam \uf0b7 Side effects of Ace inhibitorsCorrect Answer:CATCHHCoughAngioedema\/abdominal painTeratogen (fetal renal malformations)Creatinine increasedHyperkalemiaHypotensionOthers * leukopenia, myalgia, headache, renal insufficiency.\uf0b7 Method of action of ace inhibitorsCorrect Answer: \uf0b7 Mechanism of action of DigoxinCorrect Answer:inhibition of Na\/K ATPase in the plasma membrane=increased calcium in sarcoplasmic reticulum= excitation coupling occurs= increased cardiac [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131132"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131132\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}