PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A patient with a tracheostomy has difficulty removing
excessive, thick mucus from the respiratory tract. The nurse
anticipates that which drug will be ordered to aid in the removal
of mucus?
Choose one answer.
a. guaifenesin (Mucinex)
b. benzonatate (Tessalon Perles)
c. codeine
d. dextromethorphan – ANSWER- a. guaifenesin (Mucinex)
A patient is taking intravenous aminophylline for a severe
exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which
finding would the nurse expect when evaluating for a
therapeutic response to the medication?
Choose one answer.
a. Increased work of breathing<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b. Increased heart rate
c. Increased respiratory rate
d. Increased ease of breathing – ANSWER- d. Increased ease of
breathing
Antihypertensive drug therapy for a newly diagnosed, stage 1
hypertensive African American patient would most likely
include which drug or drug classes?
Choose one answer.
a. Vasodilators alone
b. ACE inhibitors alone
c. Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretic
d. Beta-blockers with thiazide diuretic – ANSWER- c. Calcium
channel blockers with thiazide diuretic
A patient has been taking digoxin at home but has taken an
accidental overdose and has developed toxicity. He has been
admitted to the telemetry unit where the physician has ordered
digoxin immune Fab (Digibind). The patient asks the nurse why
the medication is ordered. What is the nurse’s best response?
Choose one answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a. “It works faster than digoxin.”
b. “It is safer than digoxin and can be taken orally.”
c. “It helps to convert the irregular heart rhythm to a more
normal rhythm.”
d. “This drug is an antidote to digoxin and will help to lower the
blood levels.” – ANSWER- d. “This drug is an antidote to
digoxin and will help to lower the blood levels.”
What action is recommended to help reduce the tolerance to
transdermal nitroglycerin therapy that commonly develops?
Choose one answer.
a. Omit a dose once a week.
b. Leave the patch on for 2 days at a time.
c. Cut the patch in half for a week until the tolerance subsides.
d. Remove the patch at bedtime, then apply a new one in the
morning. – ANSWER- d. Remove the patch at bedtime, then
apply a new one in the morning.
A 53-year-old man has been admitted for evaluation of chest
pain. He has been diagnosed with angina and will be given a
prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. When teaching
the patient how to use sublingual nitroglycerin, what instruction
should the nurse include?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Choose one answer.
a. Take up to five doses at 15-minute intervals for an angina
attack.
b. If the tablet does not dissolve quickly, chew the tablet for
maximal effect.
c. If the chest pain is not relieved after one tablet, call 911
immediately to activate emergency medical services.
d. Wait 1 minute between doses of sublingual tablets, up to three
doses. – ANSWER- c. If the chest pain is not relieved after one
tablet, call 911 immediately to activate emergency medical
services.
When starting a patient on antidysrhythmic therapy, the nurse
should remember that which problem is a potential adverse
effect of any antidysrhythmic drug?
Choose one answer.
a. Deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Heart failure
d. Dysrhythmias – ANSWER- d. Dysrhythmias<\/p>\n\n\n\n