A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A.
Decreased skin turgor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B.
Increased heart rate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C.
Crackles in the lungs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D.
Low urine output.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
E.
Dry mucous membranes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The correct answers are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Decreased skin turgor.<\/strong> Decreased Skin Turgor:<\/strong> Decreased skin turgor is a common clinical sign of dehydration. Skin turgor refers to the skin’s elasticity and its ability to return to its normal position after being pinched. In a dehydrated individual, the skin loses fluid and elasticity, which can lead to a prolonged “tenting” or slower return to normal when the skin is pinched. This is a direct result of reduced fluid volume in the body, which affects the skin\u2019s elasticity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Increased Heart Rate:<\/strong> Increased heart rate, or tachycardia, is a physiological response to dehydration. When the body is dehydrated, there is a decrease in blood volume, which can lead to lower blood pressure. To compensate for the reduced blood volume and maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs, the heart pumps faster to increase cardiac output. This compensatory mechanism helps to ensure that oxygen and nutrients are delivered to tissues despite the lower blood volume.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Low Urine Output:<\/strong> Low urine output, or oliguria, is another sign of dehydration. The kidneys conserve water to help compensate for the fluid loss, leading to reduced urine production. This is a response to decreased fluid intake and increased fluid loss through other means, such as sweating or vomiting. The body attempts to retain as much fluid as possible to maintain homeostasis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dry Mucous Membranes:<\/strong> Dry mucous membranes are indicative of dehydration. Mucous membranes, such as those in the mouth and throat, rely on adequate hydration to remain moist. Dehydration leads to a reduction in saliva and other secretions, resulting in dry, sticky, or cracked mucous membranes. This is a clear external sign of fluid loss in the body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Crackles in the Lungs:<\/strong> Crackles in the lungs are not typically associated with dehydration. Crackles, or rales, are more commonly linked to conditions involving fluid overload, such as heart failure or pulmonary edema, where fluid accumulates in the lungs. In the context of dehydration, crackles would not be expected unless there is another underlying condition causing fluid retention or congestion in the lungs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In summary, dehydration manifests through several specific signs, including decreased skin turgor, increased heart rate, low urine output, and dry mucous membranes. These symptoms arise due to the body’s compensatory mechanisms and reduced fluid levels.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A.Decreased skin turgor. B.Increased heart rate. C.Crackles in the lungs. D.Low urine output. E.Dry mucous membranes. The Correct Answer and Explanation is: The correct answers are: A. Decreased skin turgor.B. Increased heart rate.D. 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B. Increased heart rate.<\/strong>
D. Low urine output.<\/strong>
E. Dry mucous membranes.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nExplanation:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n