{"id":184553,"date":"2025-01-21T07:05:47","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T07:05:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=184553"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:05:49","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T07:05:49","slug":"write-the-electron-configuration-of-the-following-ions-using-the-spdf-notation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/01\/21\/write-the-electron-configuration-of-the-following-ions-using-the-spdf-notation\/","title":{"rendered":"Write the electron configuration of the following ions using the spdf notation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Write the electron configuration of the following ions using the spdf notation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a) Cr2+ , Cr3+ , Cr6+ ; b) Mo3+ , Mo4+ , Mo6+ ; Se4+ , Se6+ , Se2-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-ast-global-color-6-color\"><strong>The Correct Answer and Explanation is :<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Electron Configurations:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a) Chromium ions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cr\u00b2\u207a<\/strong>: [Ar] 3d\u2074<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cr\u00b3\u207a<\/strong>: [Ar] 3d\u00b3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cr\u2076\u207a<\/strong>: [Ar] (all valence electrons are removed, leaving the noble gas core)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b) Molybdenum ions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mo\u00b3\u207a<\/strong>: [Kr] 4d\u00b3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mo\u2074\u207a<\/strong>: [Kr] 4d\u00b2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mo\u2076\u207a<\/strong>: [Kr] (all valence electrons are removed, leaving the noble gas core)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c) Selenium ions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Se\u00b2\u207b<\/strong>: [Ar] 3d\u00b9\u2070 4s\u00b2 4p\u2076 (equivalent to krypton, [Kr])<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Se\u2074\u207a<\/strong>: [Ar] 3d\u00b9\u2070 4s\u00b2 4p\u00b2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Se\u2076\u207a<\/strong>: [Ar] 3d\u00b9\u2070 4s\u00b2 (4p electrons fully removed)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Explanation:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The electron configurations are based on the removal or addition of electrons following the Aufbau principle, Hund&#8217;s rule, and the periodic table trends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Transition Metals (Cr and Mo):<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) are transition metals with anomalous electron configurations in their neutral states:<br><strong>Cr<\/strong>: [Ar] 3d\u2075 4s\u00b9<br><strong>Mo<\/strong>: [Kr] 4d\u2075 5s\u00b9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When they form ions, electrons are removed first from the 4s or 5s orbital, then from the 3d or 4d orbitals. For higher oxidation states, such as Cr\u2076\u207a or Mo\u2076\u207a, all valence electrons are removed, leaving only the core configuration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nonmetals (Se):<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Selenium (Se) is a group 16 element with a neutral configuration of [Ar] 3d\u00b9\u2070 4s\u00b2 4p\u2074.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When it forms anions like Se\u00b2\u207b, it gains two electrons to complete its p orbital (4p\u2076), becoming isoelectronic with krypton.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For cations, electrons are removed from the 4p orbital first, then from the 4s orbital. In Se\u2074\u207a, two 4p electrons are lost; in Se\u2076\u207a, all four valence electrons are removed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Stability of Configurations:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The configurations reflect the stability associated with half-filled and fully filled subshells. For example, the Cr\u00b2\u207a ion ([Ar] 3d\u2074) and Cr\u00b3\u207a ion ([Ar] 3d\u00b3) highlight stability through d-electron arrangements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Write the electron configuration of the following ions using the spdf notation: a) Cr2+ , Cr3+ , Cr6+ ; b) Mo3+ , Mo4+ , Mo6+ ; Se4+ , Se6+ , Se2- The Correct Answer and Explanation is : Electron Configurations: a) Chromium ions: b) Molybdenum ions: c) Selenium ions: Explanation: The electron configurations are based [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=184553"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184553\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=184553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=184553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=184553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}