{"id":199964,"date":"2025-03-13T05:34:51","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T05:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=199964"},"modified":"2025-03-13T05:34:54","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T05:34:54","slug":"write-the-net-biochemical-equation-for-the-metabolism-of-a-molecule-of-glucose-by-glycolysis-and-the-citric-acid-cycle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/03\/13\/write-the-net-biochemical-equation-for-the-metabolism-of-a-molecule-of-glucose-by-glycolysis-and-the-citric-acid-cycle\/","title":{"rendered":"Write the net biochemical equation for the metabolism of a molecule of glucose by glycolysis and the citric acid cycle"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Write the net biochemical equation for the metabolism of a molecule of glucose by glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, including all cofactors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The correct answer and explanation is :<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Net Biochemical Equation for the Metabolism of Glucose by Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Glycolysis:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[
\\text{Glucose} (C_6H_{12}O_6) + 2 \\text{NAD}^+ + 2 \\text{ADP} + 2 \\text{P}_i \\rightarrow 2 \\text{Pyruvate} (C_3H_4O_3) + 2 \\text{NADH} + 2 \\text{H}^+ + 2 \\text{ATP}
]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Citric Acid Cycle (for 2 Pyruvate molecules):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[
2 \\text{Pyruvate} (C_3H_4O_3) + 8 \\text{NAD}^+ + 2 \\text{FAD} + 2 \\text{ADP} + 2 \\text{P}_i + 6 \\text{H}_2O \\rightarrow 6 \\text{CO}_2 + 8 \\text{NADH} + 2 \\text{FADH}_2 + 2 \\text{ATP}
]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Overall Net Equation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[
\\text{Glucose} (C_6H_{12}O_6) + 10 \\text{NAD}^+ + 2 \\text{FAD} + 4 \\text{ADP} + 4 \\text{P}_i + 6 \\text{H}_2O \\rightarrow 6 \\text{CO}_2 + 10 \\text{NADH} + 2 \\text{FADH}_2 + 4 \\text{ATP}
]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Explanation:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The complete metabolism of a glucose molecule involves two main metabolic pathways: Glycolysis<\/strong> and the Citric Acid Cycle<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Glycolysis<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and breaks down one molecule of glucose (6 carbons) into two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbons each).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • During glycolysis, 2 NAD+ molecules are reduced to form 2 NADH, and 2 ATP molecules are consumed and 4 ATP molecules are produced (net gain of 2 ATP).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • The products of glycolysis (2 pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 ATP) are then transported into the mitochondria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Each pyruvate molecule is converted to acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • The citric acid cycle involves a series of enzymatic reactions that oxidize acetyl-CoA to produce energy-rich molecules, including NADH and FADH2, and release carbon dioxide (CO2).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • For each glucose molecule (which generates 2 pyruvate), the citric acid cycle goes through two rounds, generating 8 NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP (directly through substrate-level phosphorylation).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      3. Overall Energy Balance<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • In total, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle produce 10 NADH, 2 FADH2, 4 ATP, and 6 CO2 molecules from one molecule of glucose.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • NADH and FADH2 are used in the electron transport chain to generate more ATP via oxidative phosphorylation, leading to a total yield of up to 38 ATP per glucose molecule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        This biochemical pathway is a central part of cellular respiration, converting glucose into energy that cells can use for various functions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Write the net biochemical equation for the metabolism of a molecule of glucose by glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, including all cofactors. The correct answer and explanation is : Net Biochemical Equation for the Metabolism of Glucose by Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle: Glycolysis: [\\text{Glucose} (C_6H_{12}O_6) + 2 \\text{NAD}^+ + 2 \\text{ADP} + […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-199964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=199964"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199964\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=199964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=199964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=199964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}