{"id":206584,"date":"2025-04-02T14:04:32","date_gmt":"2025-04-02T14:04:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=206584"},"modified":"2025-04-02T14:04:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T14:04:34","slug":"for-the-polyatomic-ion-carbonate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/04\/02\/for-the-polyatomic-ion-carbonate\/","title":{"rendered":"For the polyatomic ion, carbonate"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>For the polyatomic ion, carbonate, CO32:<br>(A) Draw the Lewis structure of carbonate.<br>(B) How many total valence electrons are there in the polyatomic ion?<br>(C) What is the steric number?<br>(D) Does carbonate have any resonance structures (yes or no)?<br>(E) If carbonate has any resonance structures, draw them on your work sheet.<br>(F) On your work, draw carbonate using perspective drawing (include any lone-pair electrons on the central atom that affect the shape of the molecule; do not include electrons on the surrounding atoms or draw multiple bonds if present).<br>(G) What is the electron geometry?<br>(H) What is the molecule shape?<br>(1) Is carbonate polar or nonpolar?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-ast-global-color-6-color\"><strong>The correct answer and explanation is :<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Answering the Questions on Carbonate Ion, ( CO_3^{2-} ):<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(A) Lewis Structure of Carbonate Ion (( CO_3^{2-} ))<\/strong><br>The Lewis structure for carbonate consists of a central carbon atom single-bonded to two oxygen atoms and double-bonded to one oxygen atom. Each singly bonded oxygen carries a negative charge, giving the ion an overall charge of -2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(B) Total Valence Electrons<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Carbon (C) has <strong>4<\/strong> valence electrons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oxygen (O) has <strong>6<\/strong> valence electrons (3 oxygen atoms contribute ( 3 \\times 6 = 18 ) electrons).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The ion has a <strong>-2 charge<\/strong>, meaning we add <strong>2 extra electrons<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Total valence electrons<\/strong> = ( 4 + 18 + 2 = 24 ).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(C) Steric Number<\/strong><br>The steric number is the number of bonded atoms plus the number of lone pairs on the central atom. Carbon in ( CO_3^{2-} ) forms three sigma bonds with oxygen and has <strong>no lone pairs<\/strong>, so its <strong>steric number is 3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(D) Does Carbonate Have Resonance?<\/strong><br>Yes, the carbonate ion exhibits <strong>resonance<\/strong>, meaning the double bond can shift among the three oxygen atoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(E) Resonance Structures<\/strong><br>Carbonate has three resonance structures where the double bond shifts between the oxygen atoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(F) Perspective Drawing<\/strong><br>The carbonate ion is <strong>planar<\/strong>, and all oxygens are <strong>equivalent<\/strong> due to resonance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(G) Electron Geometry<\/strong><br>The electron domain geometry is <strong>trigonal planar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(H) Molecular Shape<\/strong><br>Since there are three bonding groups and no lone pairs on the central carbon, the <strong>molecular shape is trigonal planar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(I) Is Carbonate Polar or Nonpolar?<\/strong><br>The carbonate ion is <strong>nonpolar<\/strong>. Even though individual C=O bonds are polar, the molecule is <strong>symmetrical<\/strong> in a trigonal planar shape. This symmetry causes dipole moments to cancel out, resulting in a nonpolar overall charge distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-206585\"\/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the polyatomic ion, carbonate, CO32:(A) Draw the Lewis structure of carbonate.(B) How many total valence electrons are there in the polyatomic ion?(C) What is the steric number?(D) Does carbonate have any resonance structures (yes or no)?(E) If carbonate has any resonance structures, draw them on your work sheet.(F) On your work, draw carbonate using [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-206584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=206584"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206584\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=206584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=206584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=206584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}