It states that the rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the active masses of the reacting substances preset at that time.
A. Collision Theory
B. Law of Mass Action
C. Principle of Le Chatlier
D. lonic Theory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The correct answer and explanation is :<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n The correct answer is B. Law of Mass Action<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Law of Mass Action<\/strong> is a fundamental principle in chemical kinetics and equilibrium. It states that the rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the product of the active masses (or concentrations) of the reacting substances, each raised to the power of its respective stoichiometric coefficient in the balanced chemical equation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The law was formulated by Cato Guldberg<\/strong> and Peter Waage<\/strong> in 1864, and it provides a mathematical framework for understanding the relationship between reactant concentrations and the rate of reaction. Specifically, it asserts that for a reversible chemical reaction:<\/p>\n\n\n\n $$ The rate of reaction can be expressed as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n $$ Here, $[A]$ and $[B]$ are the concentrations (or active masses) of the reactants, and $a$ and $b$ are the stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants in the balanced equation. The constant $k$ is the rate constant, which is specific to the reaction and depends on factors like temperature and the presence of catalysts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The principle assumes that the active mass of a substance is directly proportional to its concentration or pressure (for gases). Hence, this theory is based on the idea that the rate of a reaction increases with an increase in the concentrations of the reactants, reflecting more frequent collisions between molecules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Law of Mass Action is crucial in understanding both reaction rates and chemical equilibrium. For reversible reactions, it is also related to the equilibrium constant $K$, which expresses the ratio of the product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium. This law has broad applications in fields such as reaction engineering, biochemistry, and environmental science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In contrast, Collision Theory<\/strong> (Option A) explains reaction rates based on the frequency and energy of molecular collisions, Le Chatelier’s Principle<\/strong> (Option C) deals with the effect of changes in conditions on equilibrium, and Ionic Theory<\/strong> (Option D) relates to the behavior of ions in solutions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" It states that the rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the active masses of the reacting substances preset at that time.A. Collision TheoryB. Law of Mass ActionC. Principle of Le ChatlierD. lonic Theory The correct answer and explanation is : The correct answer is B. Law of Mass Action. Explanation: The Law of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-211767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=211767"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211767\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=211767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=211767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=211767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Explanation:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
aA + bB \\rightleftharpoons cC + dD
$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\\text{Rate} = k [A]^a [B]^b
$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n