{"id":218678,"date":"2025-05-24T07:49:21","date_gmt":"2025-05-24T07:49:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=218678"},"modified":"2025-05-24T07:49:34","modified_gmt":"2025-05-24T07:49:34","slug":"iron-has-a-smaller-heat-capacity-than-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/05\/24\/iron-has-a-smaller-heat-capacity-than-water\/","title":{"rendered":"Iron has a smaller heat capacity than water."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Iron has a smaller heat capacity than water. Suppose that 10 kg of either substance was heated together with 100 kJ of heat for 5 minutes. Which of the following will be TRUE?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Select one: a. Iron would have absorbed more heat b. Iron and water would have the same amount of heat c. Water would have absorbed more heat d. Iron would have a higher temperature than water \u00c3\u201a\u00c2<br>Which of the following would lead to an increase in the measured final temperature in the calorimetry of neutralization reactions using a coffee cup calorimeter?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Select one: a. Calorimeter was punctured with a small hole b. Smaller Ccalorimeter c. Smaller number of moles of limiting reactant d. Thermometer was not read right away<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-ast-global-color-1-color\">The Correct Answer and Explanation is:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Question 1:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Iron has a smaller heat capacity than water. Suppose that 10 kg of either substance was heated together with 100 kJ of heat for 5 minutes. Which of the following will be TRUE?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a. Iron would have absorbed more heat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>b. Iron and water would have the same amount of heat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c. Water would have absorbed more heat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d. Iron would have a higher temperature than water<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Correct answer: d. Iron would have a higher temperature than water<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heat capacity ($C$) is a measure of how much heat energy a substance can absorb per unit change in temperature. More specifically, the specific heat capacity ($c$) is the amount of heat required to raise 1 kg of a substance by 1\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Water has a <strong>much higher specific heat capacity<\/strong> (~4.18 kJ\/kg\u00b7\u00b0C).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Iron has a <strong>lower specific heat capacity<\/strong> (~0.45 kJ\/kg\u00b7\u00b0C).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the <strong>same amount of heat energy (100 kJ)<\/strong> applied to the <strong>same mass (10 kg)<\/strong> of each substance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Both substances absorb <strong>the same amount of heat<\/strong> (100 kJ), so <strong>option a and c are incorrect<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Because water has a higher specific heat capacity, it will increase in temperature less.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Iron, with its smaller heat capacity, requires less heat to raise its temperature, so its temperature will increase <strong>more<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Mathematically:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$$<br>Q = m c \\Delta T \\implies \\Delta T = \\frac{Q}{m c}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since $Q$ and $m$ are constant, $\\Delta T \\propto \\frac{1}{c}$.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lower $c$ (iron) \u2192 higher $\\Delta T$.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, iron will have a <strong>higher final temperature<\/strong> after absorbing the same heat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Question 2:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Which of the following would lead to an increase in the measured final temperature in the calorimetry of neutralization reactions using a coffee cup calorimeter?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a. Calorimeter was punctured with a small hole<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>b. Smaller $C_{\\text{calorimeter}}$ (heat capacity of the calorimeter)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c. Smaller number of moles of limiting reactant<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d. Thermometer was not read right away<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Correct answer: b. Smaller $C_{\\text{calorimeter}}$<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In calorimetry, the final temperature change is affected by heat lost or absorbed by the calorimeter itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>heat produced by the neutralization<\/strong> is shared between the solution and the calorimeter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The calorimeter has its own heat capacity ($C_{\\text{calorimeter}}$) and absorbs some of the heat, reducing the temperature rise observed in the solution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If the calorimeter&#8217;s heat capacity is <strong>smaller<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It absorbs less heat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More heat stays in the solution.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Therefore, the <strong>measured final temperature increases<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Now consider the other options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>a. Calorimeter was punctured with a small hole<\/strong>: This would cause heat loss to the surroundings, <strong>lowering<\/strong> the final temperature.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>c. Smaller number of moles of limiting reactant<\/strong>: Less reactant means less heat produced \u2192 <strong>lower temperature increase<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>d. Thermometer was not read right away<\/strong>: The system would start cooling down by the time the temperature is recorded, leading to a <strong>lower measured temperature<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence, <strong>only a smaller calorimeter heat capacity leads to a higher measured final temperature<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Question<\/th><th>Correct Option<\/th><th>Reason<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Heat absorbed by iron vs. water<\/td><td>d<\/td><td>Both absorb same heat; iron\u2019s lower heat capacity means higher temperature increase<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Increase final temp in calorimetry<\/td><td>b<\/td><td>Smaller calorimeter heat capacity means less heat absorbed by calorimeter \u2192 higher tem<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-314.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-218679\"\/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iron has a smaller heat capacity than water. Suppose that 10 kg of either substance was heated together with 100 kJ of heat for 5 minutes. Which of the following will be TRUE? Select one: a. Iron would have absorbed more heat b. Iron and water would have the same amount of heat c. Water [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-218678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218678","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=218678"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218678\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=218678"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=218678"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=218678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}