{"id":224466,"date":"2025-06-03T06:33:03","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T06:33:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=224466"},"modified":"2025-06-03T06:33:05","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T06:33:05","slug":"place-0-5-ml-of-0-1-m-ti2so43-into-three-wells-of-another-well-plate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/06\/03\/place-0-5-ml-of-0-1-m-ti2so43-into-three-wells-of-another-well-plate\/","title":{"rendered":"Place 0.5 ml of 0.1 M Ti2(SO4)3 into three wells of another well-plate."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Place 0.5 ml of 0.1 M Ti2(SO4)3 into three wells of another well-plate. Add different ligands to the wells having a 0.1 M solution of Ti2+ ions (in the fume hood). Add the amounts of reagent to the corresponding well, then individually make a visual observation and determine the Amax. Complete the table below: Reactions of Titanium (II) Coordination Compounds with various ligands: ml of Reagent | Complex ion | Observed color | Amax | kJ\/mol (Splitting energy) &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-|&#8212;&#8212;|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;- 1.5 ml of water | [Ti(H2O)]3+ | Colorless | 496 | 2414 1.5 ml of EDTA | [Ti(EDTA)] | Pastel Violet | 548 | 218 1.5 ml of [TiCl] &#8211; Pale | 4761 | 2514 | Saturated brown NaCl Question: Arrange Titanium complexes in the order of increasing and compare between this arrangement and the spectrochemical series. Explain. (Hints: number of ligands, wavelength, and the limitation of the used instrument: It can detect the wavelength between 400 nm-900 nm) Titanium complexes: EDTA+- &lt; H2O &lt; Cl- Spectrochemical series: Cl- &lt; H2O &lt; EDTA+- The arrangement is different from the spectrochemical series because\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-ast-global-color-1-color\">The Correct Answer and Explanation is:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>The order of increasing ligand field strength based on the observed data (in terms of increasing splitting energy or decreasing \u03bb_max) is:<br><strong>EDTA\u2074\u207b &lt; H\u2082O &lt; Cl\u207b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, the <strong>spectrochemical series<\/strong> suggests the order:<br><strong>Cl\u207b &lt; H\u2082O &lt; EDTA\u2074\u207b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Explanation <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The spectrochemical series ranks ligands based on their ability to split the d-orbital energies of a transition metal ion in a coordination complex. Ligands that cause larger splittings are termed <em>strong field ligands<\/em>, while those causing smaller splittings are <em>weak field ligands<\/em>. According to this series, <strong>Cl\u207b<\/strong> is a weak field ligand, <strong>H\u2082O<\/strong> is moderate, and <strong>EDTA\u2074\u207b<\/strong> (which binds through multiple donor atoms) is a strong field ligand. This would predict the order:<br><strong>Cl\u207b &lt; H\u2082O &lt; EDTA\u2074\u207b<\/strong>, where EDTA\u2074\u207b gives the highest splitting energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, in the experiment, the data indicate the opposite:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>[Ti(EDTA)] shows \u03bb_max = 548 nm \u2192 <strong>lowest \u0394 (218 kJ\/mol)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>[Ti(H\u2082O)\u2086]\u00b3\u207a shows \u03bb_max = 496 nm \u2192 <strong>\u0394 = 241 kJ\/mol<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>[TiCl\u2093] complex shows \u03bb_max = 476 nm \u2192 <strong>highest \u0394 (251 kJ\/mol)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This gives the order: <strong>EDTA\u2074\u207b &lt; H\u2082O &lt; Cl\u207b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The discrepancy likely arises from several experimental factors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Charge and Geometry Effects<\/strong>: EDTA forms a more stable, possibly distorted octahedral complex that affects the crystal field splitting differently than expected.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Instrumental Limitations<\/strong>: The spectrophotometer only measures between 400\u2013900 nm, possibly missing transitions outside this range, especially for stronger field ligands with higher \u0394 values and lower \u03bb_max.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nature of Ligand Interaction<\/strong>: Though EDTA is a strong field ligand generally, its binding mode in this Ti\u00b2\u207a complex might be altered, reducing effective orbital overlap.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Oxidation State and Coordination Number<\/strong>: Ti\u00b2\u207a may coordinate differently with each ligand, and Ti-EDTA may adopt a geometry or d-electron configuration that doesn&#8217;t maximize field splitting.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, experimental observations diverge from theory due to both coordination chemistry subtleties and practical limitations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/learnexams-banner5-48.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-224467\"\/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Place 0.5 ml of 0.1 M Ti2(SO4)3 into three wells of another well-plate. Add different ligands to the wells having a 0.1 M solution of Ti2+ ions (in the fume hood). Add the amounts of reagent to the corresponding well, then individually make a visual observation and determine the Amax. Complete the table below: Reactions [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-224466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=224466"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224466\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=224466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=224466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=224466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}