{"id":233093,"date":"2025-06-12T14:31:49","date_gmt":"2025-06-12T14:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=233093"},"modified":"2025-06-12T14:31:52","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T14:31:52","slug":"how-do-the-p-ci-single-bond-lengths-in-pcl5-pcl4-and-pcl6-generally-compare-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/06\/12\/how-do-the-p-ci-single-bond-lengths-in-pcl5-pcl4-and-pcl6-generally-compare-2\/","title":{"rendered":"How do the P-Ci single bond lengths in PCl5, PCl4+, and PCl6- generally compare"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

How do the P-Ci single bond lengths in PCl5, PCl4+, and PCl6- generally compare? 4. Identify the type of bonding the central atom undergoes in PCl5 and PCl6-.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Correct Answer and Explanation is:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Comparison of P\u2013Cl single bond lengths<\/strong>:
    Generally, the P\u2013Cl bond lengths increase in the order<\/strong>:
    PCl\u2084\u207a < PCl\u2085 < PCl\u2086\u207b<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Type of bonding in the central atom<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • In PCl\u2085<\/strong>, the central phosphorus atom undergoes sp\u00b3d hybridization<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • In PCl\u2086\u207b<\/strong>, the central phosphorus atom undergoes sp\u00b3d\u00b2 hybridization<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n

      Explanation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The bond lengths and hybridization of molecules such as PCl\u2085, PCl\u2084\u207a<\/strong>, and PCl\u2086\u207b<\/strong> can be understood by examining their molecular structures, electron domains, and the effects of electron repulsion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In PCl\u2085<\/strong>, phosphorus forms five covalent bonds with chlorine atoms and has no lone pairs. The molecule adopts a trigonal bipyramidal geometry<\/strong>, which results from sp\u00b3d hybridization<\/strong>. There are two distinct types of P\u2013Cl bonds: axial<\/strong> and equatorial<\/strong>. Due to greater electron repulsion, axial bonds are usually longer<\/strong> than equatorial bonds. This mixed bond character leads to an intermediate average bond length<\/strong> in PCl\u2085.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In PCl\u2084\u207a<\/strong>, one chloride ion is removed from PCl\u2085, reducing the electron count around phosphorus. This leads to a tetrahedral geometry<\/strong> with sp\u00b3 hybridization<\/strong>. With only four bonding pairs and no lone pairs, the electron repulsion is reduced, resulting in shorter P\u2013Cl bond lengths<\/strong> compared to PCl\u2085.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      On the other hand, in PCl\u2086\u207b<\/strong>, one extra electron is added to PCl\u2085, making a six-coordinate species. The molecule adopts an octahedral geometry<\/strong> due to sp\u00b3d\u00b2 hybridization<\/strong>. The added electron increases electron-electron repulsion, and the greater number of bonds around the central atom leads to longer P\u2013Cl bonds<\/strong> than in PCl\u2085.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Therefore, as the formal positive charge increases (as in PCl\u2084\u207a), the P\u2013Cl bonds shorten due to increased effective nuclear attraction. Conversely, with a negative charge (as in PCl\u2086\u207b), added electron density weakens the bonding interaction slightly, leading to bond lengthening.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In summary, P\u2013Cl bond lengths increase<\/strong> in the order PCl\u2084\u207a < PCl\u2085 < PCl\u2086\u207b<\/strong>, and the central atom’s hybridization changes from sp\u00b3<\/strong> in PCl\u2084\u207a, to sp\u00b3d<\/strong> in PCl\u2085, to sp\u00b3d\u00b2<\/strong> in PCl\u2086\u207b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      How do the P-Ci single bond lengths in PCl5, PCl4+, and PCl6- generally compare? 4. Identify the type of bonding the central atom undergoes in PCl5 and PCl6-. The Correct Answer and Explanation is: Answer: Explanation The bond lengths and hybridization of molecules such as PCl\u2085, PCl\u2084\u207a, and PCl\u2086\u207b can be understood by examining their […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-233093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=233093"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233093\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=233093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=233093"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=233093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}