{"id":233640,"date":"2025-06-13T09:27:44","date_gmt":"2025-06-13T09:27:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=233640"},"modified":"2025-06-13T09:27:51","modified_gmt":"2025-06-13T09:27:51","slug":"draw-the-lewis-structure-for-the-chlorate-ion-clo3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/06\/13\/draw-the-lewis-structure-for-the-chlorate-ion-clo3\/","title":{"rendered":"Draw the Lewis structure for the chlorate ion (ClO3-)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Draw the Lewis structure for the chlorate ion (ClO3-). b) What is the average formal charge on each oxygen atom? c) Provide the AXnEm classification and descriptive geometry name of ClO3-.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Correct Answer and Explanation is:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To draw the Lewis structure for the chlorate ion, follow these steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Count the total valence electrons:<\/strong>\n
      \n
    • Cl = 7 valence electrons<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • O = 6 valence electrons \u00d7 3 = 18<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Add 1 extra electron due to the negative charge
      \u2192 Total = 7 + 18 + 1 = 26 valence electrons<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Choose the central atom:<\/strong>
      Chlorine (Cl) is less electronegative than oxygen, so it is the central atom.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Create single bonds between Cl and each O:<\/strong>
      Each single bond uses 2 electrons \u00d7 3 bonds = 6 electrons
      \u2192 26 \u2212 6 = 20 electrons remain<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Distribute remaining electrons to satisfy octets:<\/strong>
      Place 6 electrons (3 lone pairs) on each O \u2192 6 \u00d7 3 = 18 electrons
      \u2192 20 \u2212 18 = 2 electrons remain<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Place the last 2 electrons on chlorine as a lone pair.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Check the octets:<\/strong>
      Oxygen atoms are satisfied with 8 electrons.
      Chlorine has 3 bonds + 1 lone pair = 8 electrons. But chlorine can expand its octet (period 3 element), so form one double bond<\/strong> with one O to minimize formal charges.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Final structure: Cl with one double bond<\/strong> and two single bonds<\/strong> to three oxygen atoms. The structure includes one negative formal charge on each singly bonded oxygen<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n\n

      b) Average Formal Charge on Each Oxygen Atom:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • One oxygen has a double bond<\/strong>, formal charge = 0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Two oxygens have single bonds<\/strong>, each with a formal charge of -1<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Average formal charge on oxygen:0+(\u22121)+(\u22121)3=\u221223=\u221223\\frac{0 + (-1) + (-1)}{3} = \\frac{-2}{3} = \\boxed{-\\dfrac{2}{3}}30+(\u22121)+(\u22121)\u200b=3\u22122\u200b=\u221232\u200b\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n\n\n\n

        c) AX\u2099E\u2098 Classification and Geometry:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Central atom (Cl) is bonded to 3 atoms<\/strong> (O) \u2192 X\u2083<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Has 1 lone pair<\/strong> \u2192 E\u2081
          \u2192 AX\u2083E\u2081<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Descriptive Geometry Name:<\/strong>
          AX\u2083E\u2081 corresponds to a trigonal pyramidal<\/strong> molecular geometry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n\n\n\n

          Summary:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Lewis Structure:<\/strong> One double bond and two single bonds around Cl, total 26 valence electrons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Average Formal Charge on O:<\/strong> \u221223-\\dfrac{2}{3}\u221232\u200b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Molecular Shape:<\/strong> AX\u2083E\u2081, Trigonal Pyramidal<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Draw the Lewis structure for the chlorate ion (ClO3-). b) What is the average formal charge on each oxygen atom? c) Provide the AXnEm classification and descriptive geometry name of ClO3-. The Correct Answer and Explanation is: To draw the Lewis structure for the chlorate ion, follow these steps: Final structure: Cl with one double […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-233640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=233640"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233640\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=233640"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=233640"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=233640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}