{"id":237236,"date":"2025-06-17T05:09:39","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T05:09:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=237236"},"modified":"2025-06-17T05:09:41","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T05:09:41","slug":"in-photosynthesis-the-light-independent-reactions-of-the-calvin-cycle-are-driven-by-inputs-of-_-and-_-from-the-light-dependent-reactions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/in-photosynthesis-the-light-independent-reactions-of-the-calvin-cycle-are-driven-by-inputs-of-_-and-_-from-the-light-dependent-reactions\/","title":{"rendered":"In photosynthesis, the light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle are driven by inputs of _ and _ from the light dependent reactions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

In photosynthesis, the light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle are driven by inputs of _ and _<\/strong><\/em><\/strong> from the light dependent reactions. A. NADPH B. NADH C. Oxygen D. ATP E. CO2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Correct Answer and Explanation is:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Correct answer:<\/strong> A. NADPH<\/strong> and D. ATP<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

In photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle<\/strong> is the series of light-independent reactions that take place in the stroma<\/strong> of the chloroplast. These reactions do not require light directly, but they depend on the products<\/strong> of the light-dependent reactions, which occur in the thylakoid membranes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The light-dependent reactions use sunlight to split water molecules, releasing oxygen<\/strong> as a byproduct and generating two crucial energy-rich molecules: ATP<\/strong> (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH<\/strong> (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). These molecules carry the energy and high-energy electrons required to power the Calvin cycle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)<\/strong> from the atmosphere is captured and used to build organic molecules like glucose. However, carbon dioxide alone is not enough to drive the reactions. The cycle needs energy<\/strong> and reducing power<\/strong> to convert carbon dioxide into three-carbon sugars. That energy comes from ATP<\/strong>, while the reducing power, which supplies electrons for reducing carbon, comes from NADPH<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ATP provides the chemical energy needed to power the formation of bonds in sugar molecules. NADPH donates high-energy electrons to help convert the three-carbon molecules into more complex carbohydrates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus, even though light is not directly used during the Calvin cycle, it is essential for creating ATP and NADPH<\/strong> in the earlier stage. Without these molecules, the Calvin cycle would not function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The incorrect choices are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • B. NADH<\/strong>, which is involved in cellular respiration, not photosynthesis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • C. Oxygen<\/strong>, which is a byproduct of light-dependent reactions, not an input for the Calvin cycle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • E. CO\u2082<\/strong> is required for the Calvin cycle but does not come from the light-dependent reactions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    So the correct inputs from the light-dependent reactions that drive the Calvin cycle are ATP<\/strong> and NADPH<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    In photosynthesis, the light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle are driven by inputs of _ and _ from the light dependent reactions. A. NADPH B. NADH C. Oxygen D. ATP E. CO2 The Correct Answer and Explanation is: Correct answer: A. NADPH and D. ATP In photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle is the series of light-independent […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-237236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237236","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=237236"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237236\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=237236"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=237236"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=237236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}