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Neuroscience FINAL EXAM – USA ( 2026/2027 Update) Questions and Answers
Neuroscience FINAL EXAM – USA (
2026/2027 Update) Questions and
Answers
Q: Four basic limbic system functions:
Answer:
"HOME"-
-Homeostasis, Olfaction, Memory, and Emotion
Q: Limbic system - Key structure for Olfaction
Answer:
Olfactory Cortex
Q: Limbic system - Key structure for Memory
Answer:
Hippocampal Formation
Q: What is the function of the basal ganglia?
Answer:
-To regulate movement via influence on descending motor systems
Q: What is the result of the direct pathway?
Answer:
-Disinhibition= no/less inhibition of the thalamus= movement!
Q: What are the common problems associated with basal ganglia lesions?
Answer:
-Dyskinesia, rigidity, involuntary movements, tremors
Q: Limbic system - Key structure for Emotions / Drives (1)
Answer:
Amygdala
Q: Limbic system - Key structure for Homeostasis / Autonomic neuroendocrine control
Answer:
Hypothalamus
Q: Primary Olfactory Cortex projects to several secondary olfactory areas: also what are their
main functions (3)
Answer:
1. Anterior entorhinal cortex - memory
2. Orbitofrontal olfactory area - discrimination of smell
3. Amygdala - Emotion and motivation
Q: 2 main areas for memory formation
Answer:
Medial temporal lobe
Medial diencephalon memory areas
Q: Medial temporal lobe consist of (2):
Answer:
Hippocampal formation and parahippocampal gyrus
Q: Medial diencephalon memory areas (4):
Answer:
Mediodorsal and anterior nucleus (of thalamus)
-Mammillary bodies
-Other diencephalic nuclei
Q: Medial temporal lobe and Medial diencephalon memory areas are interconnected with each
other and the cortex by ___? this is crucial for _____?
Answer:
white matter pathways
crucial for memory consolidation and retrieval
Q: Hippocampal Formation
-Three components & fcn's
Answer:
1. Dentate gyrus - New memories
2. Hippocampus - Short and long term memory
3. Subiculum - Major output
Q: Hippocampus Functions: 3
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