THE ARM ANATOMY COMPLETE A+ SOLUTION 2026-2027 (4 pages)

upper arm bone, arteries, nerves - >- HUMERUS: shaft (with bicipital groove), head, neck, tuberosities,

condyles and epicondyles (medial = trochlea, lateral = capitulum), coronoid fossa (anterior), olecranon

fossa (posterior)

- ARTERIES: (1) brachial artery - anteromedial in upper arm, moves laterally and anteriorly at elbow to

form ulnar and radial arteries (2) profunda brachii arterty

- NERVES: median (through carpal tunnel), ulnar ("funny bone"), radial

muscles of the upper arm anterior compartment - >- BICEPS BRACHII: elbow flexion, supination, assists

in shoulder flexion, o: supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid, i: radial tuberosity and forearm fascia

- BRACHIALIS: elbow flexion, o: anterior surface of humerus, i: coronoid of ulna

- CORACOBRACHIALIS: assists with shoulder flexion

muscles of upper arm posterior compartment - >- TRICEPS BRACHII: elbow extension, o: infraglenoid

tubercle, upper lateral and lower medial halves of the posterior humerus shaft, i: olecranon of ulna

- ANCONEUS: assists triceps brachii

elbow bones and joint type - >- JOINT TYPE: synovial hinge joint

- BONES: (1) radius - articulates with capitulum and with raid notch of ulna, distal articulation with ulna,

interosseous membrane between radius and ulna shafts (2) ulna - olecranon process and coronoid

process, trochlear notch articulates with trochlea

elbow ligaments, movements, cubital fossa - >- LIGAMENTS: capsular, medial (ulnar) collateral and

lateral (radial) collateral

- MOVEMENTS: flexion and extension (pronation and supination occur at radioulnar joints)

- CUBITAL FOSSA: anterior, inverted triangle, contains median and radial nerves, brachial artery and its

derivatives and tendon of biceps brachii