NR546 FINAL EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS|AGRADE
Describe lack of sustained attention? – ANSWER- poor problem solving, difficulty
completing tasks, disorganization, difficulty sustaining mental effort
what is impulsivity ? – ANSWER- excessive talking, blurting things out, not
waiting one’s turn, interrupting
what is hyperactivity? – ANSWER- fidgeting, leaving one’s seat, running,
climbing, trouble playing quietly
•George talks excessively, blurts out answers in class, and has hurt a friend’s
feelings when he wouldn’t wait his turn at recess. this is an example of which
ADHD symptoms? – ANSWER- impulsivity
•Mary was reprimanded by her boss for not listening during their last meeting and
making careless mistakes on their current project. Mary apologizes and says she’s
been feeling very forgetful lately. this is an example of which ADHD symptoms? –
ANSWER- selective attetion
Jim is a college student who can’t find the motivation to complete his homework or
pay attention in class. this is an example of which ADHD symptoms? – ANSWERlack of sustained attention
Layla just started school and her parent’s received a call from her teacher about her
behavior. The teacher states Layla runs and climbs on the chairs and desks, has
trouble playing quietly, and refuses to stay in her seat. this is an example of which
ADHD symptoms? – ANSWER- hyperactivity
(ADHD: Lifespan Considerations) •Which symptom decreases markedly with age?
- ANSWER- hyperactivity
(ADHD lifespan consideration) primary symptoms are? – ANSWER- inattention,
restlessness, cognitive & emotional impulsivity, executive functioning deficits, and
self-regulation
(ADHD Lifespan) What might adults who struggle with executive functioning
difficulties and disorganization also experience? – ANSWER- occupational stress
and anxiety
ADHD symptoms may arise from abnormalities within circuits in the_________,
which affect __ – ANSWER- prefrontal cortex (PFC) , executive function.
ADHD symptoms become noticeable around what age and why? – ANSWER- 6-7
y/o, possibly due to abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex circuits or errors in the
synaptic pruning process.
Anxiety and ADHD are regulated by which loop? – ANSWER- corticostriatalthalamocortical (CSTC) loop
what NT are associated with inefficient information processing in the prefrontal
circuits? – ANSWER- Norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA)
•What scheduled drug level are stimulant medications?
•Are refills permitted? – ANSWER- •Stimulants are schedule II-controlled
substances
•Refills are NOT permitted
what diagnostic test must be obtained? – ANSWER- •Must obtain a thorough
health hx first
•Assess for cardiac disease and, if present, obtain an EKG
•Blood pressure, height, and weight should be monitored regularly
•Assess for bipolar disorder before treatment
•Treatment efficacy will be noted within the first week of treatment
•Can cause or worsen tics
•What is the correct protocol for switching patients from one stimulant medication
to another? – ANSWER- •When switching stimulants, discontinue the current
medication and start the new medication at a starting dose the next day.
•What two forms are stimulant medications available in? – ANSWER- •Stimulant
medications available to treat ADHD are available as immediate-release or
sustained-release formulations
•Are short-acting or long-acting stimulants at a higher risk for diversion?