NRP FINAL EXAM LATEST 2023-2024 REAL EXAM
250+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS|AGRADE
How many minutes can it take a newborn to achieve an SpO2 >90%? – ANSWERA healthy newborn breathing room air may take more than 10 minutes to achieve
oxygen saturation greater than 90%.
Free-flow oxygen delivery devices: – ANSWER- oxygen tubing
oxygen mask
Flow-inflating bag and mask
T-piece resuscitator and mask open reservoir (“tail”) on a self- inflating bag
Before birth, oxygen is supplied to the fetus by (the placenta)/(the fetal lungs). –
ANSWER- placenta
After birth,air n the alveoli causes vessels in the baby’s lungs to (constrict)/(relax) –
ANSWER- relax
Before birth, the alveoli in the fetal lungs are (collapsed)/ (expanded) and filled
with (fluid)/(air – ANSWER- expanded, fluid
True or false:Some newborns without any apparent risk factors will require
resuscitation, including assisted ventilation. – ANSWER- true
Unlike adults, who experience cardiac arrest due to trauma or heart disease,
newborn resuscitation is usually the result of ? – ANSWER- respiratory failure,
either before or after birth.
what is the most important and effective action in neonatal resuscitation? –
ANSWER- to ventilate the baby’s lungs.
True or False?Very few newborns will require chest compressions or medication. –
ANSWER- true
Prolonged lack of adequate perfusion and oxygenation can lead to – ANSWERorgan damage
What are the 4 pre-birth questions to ask the obstetric provider before every birth?
- ANSWER- i. What is the expected gestational age?
ii. Is the amniotic fluid clear?
iii. How many babies are expected?
iv. Are there any additional risk factors
Every delivery should be attended by – ANSWER- at least 1 skilled person (whose
only responsibility is the management of the newborn)/ (who shares responsibility
for the mother and newborn’s care
If risk factors are present, at least ? qualified people should be present – ANSWERIf risk factors are present, at least 2 qualified people should be present solely to
manage the baby. The number and qualifications of personnel will vary depending
on the anticipated risk, the
number of babies, and the hospital setting
If the need for extensive resuscitation measures is anticipated who should be
present at the birth? – ANSWER- A qualified team with full resuscitation skills,
including endotracheal intubation, chest compressions, emergency vascular access,
and medication administration, should be identified and immediately available for
every resuscitation.
most essential supplies and equipment needed at the radiant warmer for most
neonatal resuscitations – ANSWER- Warm - Preheated warmer
- Warm towels or blankets
- Temperature sensor and sensor cover for prolonged resuscitation
- Hat
- Plastic bag or plastic wrap (,32 weeks’ gestation)
- Thermal mattress (,32 weeks’ gestation
Clear airway equipment – ANSWER- Bulb syringe - 10F or 12F suction catheter attached to wall suction, set at 80 to 100 mm Hg
- Meconium aspirator
Mechanical suction and tubing
Suction catheters, 5F or 6F, 10F,
12F or 14F
8F feeding tube and large syringe
Ventilation equipment – ANSWER- Flowmeter set to 10 L/min
- Oxygen blender set to 21% (21%-30% if ,35 weeks’ gestation)
- Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) device
- Term- and preterm-sized masks
- 8F feeding tube and
oxygenation equipment – ANSWER- Equipment to give free-flow oxygen - Pulse oximeter with sensor and cover
- Target oxygen saturation
Intubation equipment – ANSWER- • Laryngoscope with size-0 and size-1 straight
blades (size 00, optional) - Stylet (optional)
- Endotracheal tubes (sizes 2.5, 3.0, 3.5)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) detector
- Measuring tape and/or endotracheal tube insertion depth table
- Waterproof tape or tube-securing device
- Scissors
- Laryngeal mask (size 1)
Medications: – ANSWER- Access to - 1:10,000 (0.1 mg/mL) epinephrine
- Normal saline
- Supplies for placing emergency umbilical venous catheter and administering
medications - Electronic cardiac (ECG) monitor
Epinephrine 1:10,000 (0.1 mg/mL)—3-mL or 10-mL ampules
Normal saline for volume expansion—100 or 250 mL
Dextrose 10%, 250 mL (optional)
Normal saline for flushes
Syringes (1-mL, 3-mL or 5-mL, 20- to 60-mL)
Category I – ANSWER- Category I: this is a normal tracing and is predictive of a
fetal acid-base status at the time of the observation, and routine follow-up is
indicated.
Category II – ANSWER- This is considered an indeterminate
tracing. There is currently inadequate evidence to classify them as either normal or
abnormal. Further evaluation, continued surveillance, and reevaluation are
indicated
Category III – ANSWER- This is an abnormal tracing and is predictive of
abnormal fetal acid-base status at the time of the observation. A Category III
tracing requires prompt evaluation and intervention
Evaluate the newborn’s respirations and heart rate to determine if the baby is
responding to the initial steps. This should take no more than an additional 30
seconds. If the baby does not have adequate spontaneous respirations and a heart
rate of 100 bpm or higher within 1 minute of birth, you should begin – ANSWERyou should begin PPV
What is the most important and effective action during neonatal resuscitation? –
ANSWER- ventilation of the baby’s lungs
Assess if the baby is crying or breathing. If the baby is
not breathing or has gasping respirations, proceed directly to ??? – ANSWER- PPV
Remember, gasping respirations are ineffective and are treated the same as –
ANSWER- apnea. The baby’s heart rate should be assessed while PPV begins
Pulse oximetry may not function if the baby’s heart rate is
low or if the baby has poor perfusion. In this case, monitoring the baby’s heart rate
with an ?? is the preferred method. – ANSWER- ECG monitor
After the initial steps, what do you do if the baby is not breathing or the heart rate
is low? – ANSWER- Start PPV if the baby is not breathing (apnea) OR if the baby
has gasping respirations.
Start PPV if the baby appears to be breathing but the heart rate is below 100
Call for immediate additional help if you are the only provider at the warmer.
Cyanosis limited to the hands and feet (acrocyanosis) is a common finding in the
newborn and does not indicate? – ANSWER- poor oxygenation
Is a visual assessment of cyanosis a reliable indicator of baby’s oxygenation?If
persistent central cyanosis is suspected, a ??? should be used to evaluate the baby’s
oxygenation. – ANSWER- No.