DLM(ASCP) EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 230 REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES|AGRADE (FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT, OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT, HUMAN
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, QUALITY MANAGEMENT)
FIVE phases of six sigma – ….ANSWER…1. define – reach agreement on scope, goals,
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- measure -collect data on process speed, quality and costs
- analyze – pinpoint and verify causes affecting variables tied to project goals.
- improve – learn from pilots and execute implementation
- control – complete project work and hand off improved process with procedures for
maintaining the gains
micro cost analysis – ….ANSWER…performed to assess the cost of doing a specific test
procedure (helps determine if test should be done in-house, added, eliminated, sent
out)
macro cost analysis – ….ANSWER…evaluated the overall efficiency and productivity of
the lab and/or specific cost centers - determine number of patient reportable tests for specific time period.
2 perform cost study –> breaks costs down into fixed and variable - total, fixed, and variable costs are divided by patient reportable tests
operating leverage (OL) – ….ANSWER…Ratio that tells the percent change in total profit
that will result from a given change in revenue
(revenue – variable costs)/ (revenue – variable costs – fixed costs)
greater than 2 represents considerable risk
OSHA blood-borne pathogens standard – ….ANSWER…Guidelines designed to protect
employees against occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens
hepatitis b, hepatitis c, and HIV
issues in December 1991
OSHA Hepatitis B Requirement – ….ANSWER…Hepatitis B Vaccine required to be
offered free of charge if occupation puts you at risk
engineering controls – ….ANSWER…Devices that isolate or remove a blood borne
pathogen hazard from the workplace.
examples – sharps containers, handwashing facilities, etc.
Exposure incident – ….ANSWER…specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, nonintact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that
results from the performance of an employee’s duties
Parenteral exposure – ….ANSWER…Exposure to blood or other infectious materials that
results from piercing or puncturing the skin barrier
examples -needle sticks, cuts, or abrasions
electrical grounding – ….ANSWER…fastening electrical equipment to earth
allows any spikes in electricity to be directed away from the electric circuit and into the
ground where it can be absorbed. prevents buildup of voltage.
Lock Out Tag Out (LOTO) – ….ANSWER…OSHA Requirement to protect workers
whenever maintenance/repair tasks are being performed on electrical equipment
- Protects you from Electricity
- Isolated – isolates you from the power source to keep it out/off of you and safe
lock out – ….ANSWER…placement of device on breaker or plug placed in canister to
prevent use
tag out – ….ANSWER…tag placed on device to notify staff not to operate equipment
class c fires – ….ANSWER…fires that involve electricity. extinguished by CO2 and
pressurized dry chemical ABC Extinguisher
formaldehyde – ….ANSWER…used to preserve tissue removed during surgery and
autopsies. it’s a disinfectant that kills fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms. it’s a
human carcinogen.
OSHA Formaldehyde Standard – ….ANSWER…Aimed at specifically addressing
hazards associated with exposure to formaldehyde, formaldehyde gas, it’s solutions and
materials that release formaldehyde.
goal is to reduce risk of exposure by establishing safe exposure limits
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) – ….ANSWER…an OSHA-required document that explains the
hazards of a chemical product. contains first aid information if there’s contact, accidental
release measures, handling and storage requirements, exposure control, PPE, product,
manufacturer, number to call for emergency info, effective and review date, signature of
person preparing the sheet, and other info.
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) – ….ANSWER…Exposure limit published & enforced
by OSHA as a legal standard over an 8-hour average
0.75 ppm for formaldehyde exposure
Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) – ….ANSWER…15 – minute Time Weighted Average
(TWA) exposure that should no be exceeded during a typical work day.
2.0 ppm for formaldehyde exposure
Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) – ….ANSWER…an OSHA regulation aimed at
promoting awareness of hazardous substances and understanding of safe handling
practices
must have documented chemical hygiene plan
Four Primary Management Functions – ….ANSWER…planning, organizing, leading,
controlling
SWOT analysis – ….ANSWER…strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats
Directing – ….ANSWER…process of influencing people to attain predetermined
objectives. key elements include communication, delegating, motivating and coaching
coaching – ….ANSWER…providing a person or a group with the guidance, support, and
confidence to enable them to enhance their performance continuously
informatics – ….ANSWER…practice of information processing centered around
pathology tests and patient information. responsible for tools for scheduling, working
with IT to improve efficiency, leading lab EMR selection, conducting evaluation of lab
transaction databases and storage
compliance – ….ANSWER…responsible for designing and implementing a basic lab
safety program including OSHA, MSDS, radiation safety, lab safety, biohazards,
universal precautions, and electrical safety. CLIA Certification, CAP, COLA, and JCAHO
accreditation
root-cause analysis – ….ANSWER…An analytical technique used to determine the basic
underlying reason that causes a variance or a defect or a risk. A root cause may
underlie more than one variance or defect or risk.
Ishikawa diagram or Fishbone Diangram – ….ANSWER…A graphical diagram that
shows how causes or potential causes relate to create potential problems.
performance management cycle – ….ANSWER…performance development plan –>
review lab strategic plan and annual goals –> set performance standards –> observe
and coach (take notes, report and record) –> appraise performance
Laboratory information system (LIS) – ….ANSWER…An information system that collects
, stores, and manages laboratory tests and their respective results. can speed up
access to test results through improved effciency from various locations, including
anywhere in the hospital, the physician’s office, or even the clincian’s home