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EMT Basic Exam 4
- In a healthy individual, the brain stem stimulates breathing on the basis ofA. decreased oxygen levels.
B. increased carbon dioxide levels.
C. increased oxygen levels.
D. decreased carbon dioxide levels. ANS: B. increased carbon dioxide levels. - Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing?
A. 22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis
B. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
C. 20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor
D. 30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin
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ANS: B. 24breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
- Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of:
A. severe hyperventilation.
B. right-sided heart failure.
C. toxic chemical inhalation.
D. an upper airway infection. ANS: C. toxic chemical inhalation. - A 30-year-old male presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread
hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no
medications. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all lung fieldsHis blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In
addition to giving him 100% oxygen, the MOST important treatment for this
patient is:
A. epinephrine.
B. albuterol.
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C. an antihistamine.
D. a beta-antagonist. ANS: A. epinephrine.
- A 59-year-old male with a history of emphysema complains of an acute
worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful coughYour assessment reveals that he has a barrel-shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. What is the MOST likely cause of this
patient’s condition?
A. spontaneous pneumothorax
B. rupture of the diaphragm
C. exacerbation of his COPD
D. acute pulmonary embolism ANS: A. spontaneous pneumothorax - You are dispatched to a residence for a 67-year-old female who was awakened by shortness of breath and sharp chest pain. Her husband tells you
that she was recently discharged from the hospital after having hip surgery.
Your assessment reveals dried blood around her mouth, facial cyanosis, andan oxygen saturation of 88%.This patient’s presentation is MOST consistent
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with:
A. acute pulmonary edema.
B. spontaneous pneumothorax.
C. acute pulmonary embolism.
D. right-sided heart failure. ANS: C. acute pulmonary embolism.
- A 60-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. He is consciousand alert, has pink and dry skin, and has respirations of 24 breaths/min
with adequate depth.Which of the following treatment modalities is MOST
appropriate for this patient?
A. oxygen via a nasal cannula, vital signs, and prompt transport to the hospital