Adult Health HESI Study Guide.

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Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university 5:7:18 Adult Health HESI Study Guide Critically Ill (Duquesne University) Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university 5:7:18 Adult Health HESI Study Guide Critically Ill (Duquesne University) Downloaded by samuel kamunyu ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD 13445102 Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material

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Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study MaterialAdult Health HESI Study Guide

Go over:

• Cancer
• Neuro diseases
• Kidneys
• Arterial vs venous
• Intra ocular pressure should be within 10-21

Fluid and Electrolytes Blood Administra�on Prepara�on oPa�ent history oComplica�ons oType of blood and cross match  ma�ers because of universal donor = TYPE O universal recipients = TYPE AB+ (andy baldo can receive anything) oConsent (one per hospital stay)

ï‚·TO TAKE A TYPE BLOOD SAMPLE AND CROSS MATCH YOU NEED:

oTWO BLOOD SAMPLES TAKEN FIVE MINUTES APART oTWO RN SIGNATURES!!!!!

ï‚·Types:

oPacked Red Blood Cells  1 unit/2 hours … low hematocrit and hemoglobin or �uid loss oPlatelets  15-30 minutes … low platelets oFresh-Frozen Plasma  15-30 minutes … improve clo�ng and volume expansion oWhite Blood Cells  1 unit/1 hour … sepsis and neutropenia (when an�bio�cs do not work) Blood lasts for 4 hours = ini�ate transfusion within 30 minutes = only 3.5 hours le�!!!!!!!2 RNs need to iden�fy: ABO group, Rh type, donor number, expira�on date, pa�ent, and pa�ent ID# BEFORE BLOOD TRANSFUSION!!!!!!!Blood with NORMAL SALINE ONLY

ï‚·NO MEDICATION DURING BLOOD

ï‚·Monitoring Pa�ent oBaseline Vital Signs (before transfusion begins  temperature most important) o1 st set of vitals (15 minutes a�er administra�on) 1 Downloaded by samuel kamunyu ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD 13445102 Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material

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Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study MaterialoCon�nuous every hour (usual 4 hours) oIf blood begins at 800, then vitals are taken 800 (or 759), 815, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 Complica�ons oReac�on = STOP BLOOD oCall physician oObtain vitals oCollect blood product, IV tubing  send to blood bank oAdminister isotonic solu�on at a normal rate 5% dextrose 0.9% NaCl Reac�on Types oTransfusion Reac�on: adverse reac�on as a result of a blood transfusion

oHemoly�c:

oAllergic:

oFebrile: fever

oSep�cemia:

oGra�

oHost Disease:

oSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: restlessness, hives, anxiety, chills, �ushing, fever, chest pain, lumbar pain, tachycardia, tachypnea, nausea, shock ï‚·Dispose of blood products in a contaminated waste RED bag Acid-Base Imbalances

ï‚·Arterial Blood Gas provides:

opH acidity vs. alkalinity based on H+ ions present

NORMAL: (acidosis) 7.35 - 7.45 (alkalosis)

opCO2 Amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in arterial (oxygenated) blood

NORMAL: (alkalosis) 35 – 45 (acidosis)

RESPIRATORY

oHCO3 Amount of bicarbonate in the bloodstream

NORMAL: (acidosis) 22 – 26 (alkalosis)

METABOLIC

oPa02 (not important)

NORMAL: 80 - 100 mm Hg

oSa02 (not important) 2 Downloaded by samuel kamunyu ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD 13445102 Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material

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