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1. A 58-year-old male patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents with increased shortness of breath. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for immediate intervention? a. Oxygen saturation of 92% b. Respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute c. Use of accessory muscles to breathe d. Slight wheezing on auscultation Answer: c. Use of accessory muscles to breathe Rationale: The use of accessory muscles indicates increased work of breathing and potential respiratory distress, requiring immediate intervention. 2. During a cardiovascular assessment, you note a third heart sound (S3) in a 65-year-old patient. What does this finding suggest? a. Normal age-related change b. Left ventricular hypertrophy c. Heart failure d. Valvular heart disease
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