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Answers to Further Exercises: Chapter 1. Exercise 1.1. (1) (a) [what evil] vs. (b) [evil men]. Notice the different stress patterns: in (a) the stress falls on the head of the NP what EVil; in (b) the stress falls on the head of the NP evil MEN. (2) (a) [rotten fruit] vs. (b) [rotten [fruit and veg]]. In (a) rotten modifies only fruit (= vegetables and rotten fruit) but in (b) it modifies fruit and veg – the veg as well as the fruit are rotten. (3) (a) [[more interesting] vs. (b) [interesting meals]. In (a) more is an adjective modifier in AP (meals that are more interesting). In (b) more is quantificational, modifying a nominal constituent (more meals that are interesting). (4) (a) [workers on overtime] vs. (b) [[agreement (between workers)] on overtime]. In (a) it is the workers that are on overtime (it’s an agreement between such workers). In (b) it’s an overtime agreement. (5) (a) [the man who he had seen] vs. (b) [[asked] [the man] [who he had seen]]. The question is whether [who he had seen] forms a constituent with the man (as in (a), where it is a modifier in the structure of NP- a relative clause). In (a) we know who Bill asked (the man who he had seen) but not what question he asked him. In (b) the man and who he had seen are separate constituents: who he had seen is the question Bill asked the man. Exercise 1.2. PHRASE no PHRASE previous PHRASE experience PHRASE
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