ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY HESI 2024 PART 2 EXAM

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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY HESI 2024 PART 2 EXAM

QUESTIONS

Qs and Ans Expert- Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -79 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert- Explanation

Question 1: sebum

Answer:

an oily substance that moisturizes skin, protecting it from water loss, keeps the skin elastic, and provides a chemical defense against bacterial and fungal infections

Question 2: osteocyte bone cells

Answer:

mature functional bone cells

Question 3: hypothalamus

Answer:

controls the endocrine system and all the hormones that govern long-term effects on the body

Question 4: fibrous joints

Answer:

have fibrous tissue between the bones and no cavity between them; fixed joints that are immobile (ex.joints in the skull)

Question 5: hypodermis

Answer:

loose connective tissue layer of skin below the dermis

Question 6: eccrine glands

Answer:

glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body

Question 7: medulla onlongata

Answer:

located above the spinal cord and is responsible for crucial involuntary functions such as breathing, swallowing, and the regulation of the heart rate and blood pressure

Question 8: action potentials

Answer:

long distance signals of axons

Question 9: spongy bone

Answer:

porous and flexible; at the ends of long bones and the central part of flat bones

Question 10: lamallae

Answer:

concentric rings that surround the haversian canal

Question 11: integumentary system

Answer:

includes skin, hair, nails, oil glands, and sweat glands

Question 12: smooth muscles

Answer:

responsible for involuntary movement, such as moving food through the digestive tract and moving blood through vessels

Question 13: sarcomere

Answer:

contractile unit of a muscle fiber

Question 14: long bones

Answer:

include tube-like rods like the arm and leg bones

Question 15: cardiac muscle cells

Answer:

found only in the heart where they control the heart's rhythm and blood pressure

Question 16: melanocytes

Answer:

cells that produce melanin

Question 17: dendrites

Answer:

receive electrical signals from other neurons across small gaps called synapses

Question 18: temporal lobe

Answer:

A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and language comprehension

Question 19: amygdala

Answer:

A limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression.

Question 20: yellow bone marrow

Answer:

stores lipids and fats

Question 21: hindbrain

Answer:

An area of the brain that coordinates information coming into and out of the spinal cord

Question 22: midbrain

Answer:

A small part of the brain above the pons that integrates sensory information and is in charge of alertness, sleep/wake cycles, and temperature regulation

Question 23: epidermis

Answer:

outermost layer of skin

Question 24: reflexes

Answer:

specific patterns of motor response that are triggered by specific patterns of sensory stimulation

Question 25: axon

Answer:

transmits the signal from the cell body to other neurons

Question 26: Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer:

consists of the brain and spinal cord

Question 27: sliding filament model

Answer:

The theory explaining how muscle contracts, based on change within a sarcomere, the basic unit of muscle organization, stating that thin (actin) filaments slide across thick (myosin) filaments, shortening the sarcomere; the shortening of all sarcomeres in a myofibril shortens the entire myofibril

Question 28: neuroglia

Answer:

cells that support and protect neurons