ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL FOR HESI

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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL FOR HESI

A2 EXAMINATION (2023 EDITION)

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -100 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: papillary region

Answer:

more superficial dermal layer; provides elasticity to the skin

Question 2: glomerulus

Answer:

type of capillary bed that functions as a filtration system, filtering solutes as blood enters the kidneys from the renal artery

Question 3: cardiovascular system

Answer:

circulates substances throughout the body using blood as a transporting mechanism

Question 4: sensory neurons

Answer:

afferent nerve cells that send information toward the cns

Question 5: Pharynx

Answer:

throat that connects the mouth to the esophagus

Question 6: pyloric sphincter

Answer:

Controls passage of food from stomach to small intestine. exit of food.

Question 7: urinary tract

Answer:

comprised of the ureters, bladder and urethra

Question 8: lymphocytes

Answer:

white blood cells that target pathogens; b and t cells are two different types

Question 9: vaccination

Answer:

introduction into the body of dead or disabled pathogen or of a harmless microbe with the protein of a pathogen on its surface

Question 10: ligands

Answer:

chemical signals, molecules released from one location and move to another to produce a response Question 11: what are the three main classes of biomolecules that food is broken down into?

Answer:

carbohydrates, proteins, fat/lipids

Question 12: inferior

Answer:

a structure below another

Question 13: sarcomere

Answer:

smallest, contractile unit in a myofibril

Question 14: Rugae

Answer:

folds in the stomach that increase surface area

Question 15: arteries

Answer:

carry blood away from the heart and toward organs and tissues

Question 16: what is digestion?

Answer:

breakdown of food into molecules that are small enough to be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 17: pheromones

Answer:

chemical signals are secreted into the environment and modify the behavior and physiology of other individuals

Question 18: smooth muscle

Answer:

consists of non-striated muscle cells that are spindle-shaped

Question 19: melanoma

Answer:

cancer involving uncontrollable growth of melanocytes

Question 20: ligaments

Answer:

attach bones to bones

Question 21: muscle fibers

Answer:

specialized cells in muscles

Question 22: distal

Answer:

farther from the point of attachment to the body

Question 23: Neuroplasticity

Answer:

the brain's ability to form neural connections through synapses

Question 24: villi

Answer:

increases surface are in small intestine for absorption

Question 25: Hypothalamus

Answer:

plays a role in regulating the autonomic nervous system for processes like homeostasis

Question 26: the four cavities of the brain are made up of?

Answer:

ventricles

Question 27: joints

Answer:

site where individual bones meet

Question 28: thoracic cavity

Answer:

part of the ventral cavity, surrounded by the rib cage