ANTHROPOLOGY NOTES EXAM QUESTIONS

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ANTHROPOLOGY NOTES EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans - Expert-Verified Explanation -Guaranteed passing score -24 Questions and Answers

-Format: Multiple-choice / Flashcard

Question 1: Cultural Relativism

Answer:

The moral and intellectual principle that one should withhold judgment about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and practices.

Question 2: Ethnocentrism

Answer:

The assumption that one's own way of doing things is correct, while dismissing other people's practices or views as wrong or ignorant.

Question 3: Colonization

Answer:

The historical practice of one country occupying and exploiting another country.

Question 4: Culture

Answer:

The taken-for-granted notions, rules, moralities, and behaviors within a social group.

Question 5: Ethnography

Answer:

A prolonged and intensive observation of and participation in the life of a community; also the term for the resulting monograph of that particular group.

Question 6: Diversity

Answer:

The sheer variety of ways of being human around the world.

Question 7: Applied Anthropology

Answer:

Anthropological research commissioned to solve social problems or to serve an organization's needs.

Question 8: Biological/Physical Anthropology

Answer:

The study of the biological aspects of the human species, past and present, along with those of our closest relatives, the nonhuman primates.

Question 9: Quantitative Methods

Answer:

A methodology that classifies features of a phenomenon, counting or measuring them and constructing mathematical and statistical models to explain what is observed.

Question 10: Qualitative Data

Answer:

The reliance of many cultural anthropologists on this kind of data collection often generates questions with respect to total scientific objectivity.

Question 11: Fieldwork

Answer:

Long-term immersion in a community, normally involving firsthand research in a specific study community.

Question 12: Anthropology

Answer:

The study of human beings, their biology, their prehistory and histories, and their changing languages, cultures, and social institutions.

Question 13: Holism

Answer:

Efforts to synthesize distinct approaches (like anthropology's four fields) and findings into a single comprehensive interpretation.

Question 14: Industrialization

Answer:

The economic process of shifting from an agricultural economy to a factory-based one.

Question 15: Evolution by natural selection

Answer:

This scientific theory attempts to explain change in organisms over time.

Question 16: Cultural Anthropology

Answer:

The study of the social lives of living communities.

Question 17: Napoleon Chagnon

Answer:

This anthropologist worked with Yanomami in Brazil. Some questioned his ethics, especially his framing of the Yanomami as 'fierce.'

Question 18: Comparative Method

Answer:

A research method that derives insights from careful comparisons of aspects of two or more cultures or societies.

Question 19: Linguistic Anthropology

Answer:

The study of how people communicate with one another through language and how language use shapes group membership and identity.

Question 20: Qualitative Methods

Answer:

A research strategy producing an in-depth and detailed description of social activities and beliefs. This research strategy contrasts with quantitative methods.

Question 21: Salvage Paradigm

Answer:

The paradigm which held that it was important to observe Indigenous ways of life, interview elders, and assemble collections of objects made and used by Indigenous peoples.

Question 22: Unilineal Cultural Evolution

Answer:

An early model anthropologists used to rank societies on a tiered scale, on which technologically 'advanced' societies had passed through more 'primitive' stages with simpler technologies.

Question 23: Do no harm

Answer:

When anthropological data is used by governments and organizations for purposes of cultural competency to achieve their objectives, this has the potential to violate this first principle of anthropology's code of ethics.

Question 24: Archaeology

Answer:

The study of past cultures, by excavating sites where people lived, worked, farmed, or conducted some other activity.