A&P Ch. 20 Body Structure and Function with Updated & Update

A&P Ch. 20 Body Structure and Function with Updated & Update

active transport - ✔✔process in cells that requires energy to transport materials to, from, and within the
cell
albinism - ✔✔inherited disorder that is indicated by the absence of melanin in the skin, hair, and eyes
anabolism - ✔✔process of chemical reactions that work together to build things, such as creating
molecules from atoms
anatomy - ✔✔study of the structure of an organism
atom - ✔✔The most basic level of the body's structure
ADHD - ✔✔disorder characterized by difficulty focusing attention and organizing and completing a task,
possibly caused by genetic factors
catabolism - ✔✔process of chemical reactions that work to break down larger units into smaller units, as
in digestion of food
cell - ✔✔most basic unit of life; often considered the building block of the human body
cell membrane - ✔✔the outer covering of the cell which can allow some substances to pass into and out
of the cell while denying passage of other substances.
chromosomes - ✔✔microscopic bodies that carry the genes that determine hereditary characteristics
cilia - ✔✔Small, hair-like projections that increase the surface area of the cell and propel substances
along a cell's surface, increasing the cell's absorption ability.
cleft palate - ✔✔congenital defect in the roof of the mouth when the palatine bones of the skull do not
close properly
color deficiency - ✔✔inherited, sex-linked disorder characterized by difficulty distinguishing colors,
especially between reds and greens; formally called color blindness
congenital disorder - ✔✔genetic disorder that is present at birth
cystic fibrosis - ✔✔chronic, progressive disease in which mucus becomes thick, dry, and sticky and builds
up and clogs passages in body organs, primarily the lungs and pancreas
cytokinesis - ✔✔division of the nuclei of the cell and distribution of organelles into two daughter cells
cytoplasm - ✔✔jellylike substance found between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane
DNA - ✔✔provides the cells blueprint or genetic makeup
diffusion - ✔✔dissolved particles moving from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser
concentration
down syndrome (trisomy 21) - ✔✔disorder caused by an extra chromosome at the 21st chromosomal
pair characterized by growth delays, sloping forehead and other physical characteristics, and mild to
moderate intellectual disability