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1. Which of the following statements is true about the
hybridization of carbon atoms in ethane, ethene and
ethyne?
a) Ethane has sp hybridization, ethene has sp2
hybridization and ethyne has sp3 hybridization.
b) Ethane has sp3 hybridization, ethene has sp2
hybridization and ethyne has sp hybridization.*
c) Ethane has sp2 hybridization, ethene has sp
hybridization and ethyne has sp3 hybridization.
d) Ethane has sp3 hybridization, ethene has sp
hybridization and ethyne has sp2 hybridization.
Rationale: The number of hybrid orbitals formed by carbon
is equal to the number of sigma bonds and lone pairs
around it. Ethane has four sigma bonds, ethene has three
sigma bonds and one pi bond, and ethyne has two sigma
bonds and two pi bonds. Therefore, ethane has sp3
hybridization, ethene has sp2 hybridization and ethyne has
sp hybridization.
2. Which of the following compounds is an example of a
carboxylic acid?
a) CH3CH2OH
b) CH3COOH*
c) CH3CHO
d) CH3NH2
Rationale: A carboxylic acid is a compound that contains a
carboxyl group, which is -COOH. CH3COOH is the
simplest carboxylic acid, also known as acetic acid or
vinegar. The other compounds are alcohols, aldehydes and
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