ATLS and answers Updated & Update

ATLS and answers Updated & Update

Definitive control of the airway is achieved by ____________ - ✔✔Endotracheal intubation
How do you treat hypothermia in the ED? - ✔✔crystalloid fluids at 102.2 degrees F and warmed
treatment area
What does definitive hemorrhage control refer to?
(3) - ✔✔1) Possible surgery
2) Stabilizing of pelvis
3) Angioembolization
What are rates of fluid administration measured by? - ✔✔Size and length of catheter
Minimum flow rate of oxygen reservoir mask - ✔✔11 L/min
MCC of shock in trauma pt - ✔✔Hypovolemia due to hemorrhage
Describe the 3 for 1 rule - ✔✔Replace each mL of blood loss with 3 ml of crystalloid solution
What metabolic state can result from continued hemorrhage or decreased perfusion? - ✔✔Metabolic
acidosis
In what survey, primary or secondary, are these identified?
1) Simple PTX
2) Pulmonary contusion
3) Traumatic aortic disruption - ✔✔Secondary
Via thorough PE, CXR, pulse ox, ECG and ABG
What imaging study is preferred for penetrating abdominal trauma? - ✔✔CT
What can FAST rapidly diagnose? - ✔✔Abdominal hemorrhage
When is a laparotomy indicated? - ✔✔Fascial penetration with intraperitoneal bleeding or peritonitis
What does the Monro Kellie doctrine describe? - ✔✔The relationship between IC volume and pressure
Normal resting ICP - ✔✔10 mm Hg
How do you reduce elevated ICP? - ✔✔Mannitol in a 20% solution
How do you temporarily control pelvic hemorrhage and instability? - ✔✔Internal traction and external
counter-pressure
How do you initially manage major arterial injury? - ✔✔Direct pressure and fluid resuscitation