Basic Immunology 5th Edition Abbas

Basic Immunology 5th Edition Abbas  

Abbas: Basic Immunology, 5th Edition
Chapter 01: Introduction to the Immune System

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
A. Defense against cancer
B. Repair of injured tissues
C. Defense against microbial infections
D. Prevention of inflammatory diseases
E. Protection against environmental toxins
ANS: C
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbial
infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that
“immunosurveillance” against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is
controversial. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune
responses and inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are
needed to prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a primary
function. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally does not offer
protection against toxins of nonbiolNogUicRoSriIgiNn.GTB.COM
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful vaccination?
A. Polio
B. Tuberculosis
C. Smallpox
D. Tetanus
E. Rubella
ANS: C
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was against
smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980, smallpox
was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective vaccines against
tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th century and are widely
used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
3. A previously healthy 8-year-old boy is infected with an upper respiratory tract virus for the
first time. During the first few hours of infection, which one of the following events occurs?
A. The adaptive immune system responds rapidly to the virus and keeps the viral infection
under control.
B. The innate immune system responds rapidly to the viral infection and keeps the viral
infection under control.
C. Passive immunity mediated by maternal antibodies limits the spread of infection.
D. B and T lymphocytes recognize the virus and stimulate the innate immune response.