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ASU BIO 100 EXAM 3
1. Explain the functions of each system of the body: digestive, cardiovascular (respiratory and
circulatory), immune, skeletal/muscular, endocrine, reproductive, and nervous.
Digestive - Chemically/ mechanically break down bood that can be absorbed and used by
cells
Cardiovascular
Respiratory- provides body tissues with oxygen
Circulatory- move blood/lymph through body
Immune- made up of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect body
Skeletal- network of tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. Performs vital functions like
support movement and protection
Musculoskeletal: muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscles are attached
to the skeleton bones, and provide movement of the body. Smooth muscle is found in our
internal organs such as the digestive system, respiratory system, blood vessels, and bladder.
Endocrine- made up of glands that secrete hormones. Chemical substances that regulate
activity
Reproduction- two functions. Product eggs and protect and nourish offspring, males
produce and deposit sperm
Neurons- brian, spinal cord, nerves, senory organsm, controls
2. Compare and contrast how positive and negative feedback mechanisms are used to maintain
homeostasis. Use these concepts to describe:
The maintenance of blood glucose levels
Positive controls- chemicals will activate to maintain levels like childbirth
Negative- most common
The release of platelets to form blood clots.
Positive- tissue releases chemicals that activate platelets
3.What does it mean if an organism is an ectotherm? Endotherm? Give an example of each.
Ectothermic- (cold blooded) depend on heat from environment
Endotherm- (warm blooded) generate body heat
4. Herbivorous mammals tend to have extremely long digestive systems, especially the intestines;
omnivores have intermediate length intestines; and carnivores have extremely short intestines.
What might be a logical explanation for this pattern?
Herbivores- more difficult to digest vegetation over meat, their teeth are not as sharp so
food isn't broken down. Most digestion occurs in stomach before small intestine where
nutrients get absorbed. Plants take longer to digest, cell wall is hard to break down
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