BIO 221 MICROBIOLOGY Molecular Identification Methods Review Exam Q & A 2026 (Complete And Verified Study material) (16pages) LEARNEXAMS

Which of the following molecular identification methods is commonly used to differentiate bacterial species based on their DNA sequences? A. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) B. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) C. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) D. Southern blotting Answer: A. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Rationale: PCR is a widely used technique that amplifies specific DNA segments, allowing for the differentiation of bacterial species based on their genetic sequences. What is the main advantage of using MALDI-TOF MS for bacterial identification in clinical microbiology laboratories? A. High cost-effectiveness B. Rapid and accurate identification C. Ability to perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing D. Minimal sample preparation required Answer: B. Rapid and accurate identification Rationale: MALDI-TOF MS enables quick and precise identification of bacterial species, making it a valuable tool in clinical settings. Which of the following molecular methods is suitable for detecting genetic mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance in bacteria? A. DNA sequencing B. Real-time PCR C. Hybridization techniques D. Gel electrophoresis Answer: A. DNA sequencing Rationale: DNA sequencing allows for the precise identification of genetic mutations that confer antimicrobial resistance in bacteria, aiding in treatment decisions. How does fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) contribute to the