Unit I Introduction to Biological Psychology
1. What do you understand by biopsychology?
Biopsychology is a branch of science that explores how the brain and nervous system
influence human behavior. Biopsychology is the study of how emotions, thoughts and behavior
are affected by the brain, the nervous system and neurotransmitters in human and non-human
animals. Biopsychology, which is also referred to as psychobiology and biological psychology,
studies the functions of normal, injured and poorly developed brains. Biopsychology’s subfields
include neuropsychology, cognitive neuroscience and behavioral neuroscience.
Biopsychology has very specific beliefs. First, that psychology is a lab-based science.
Second, that behavior can systematically be explained through biological concepts, such as genes
and hormones. Third, most behavior has an evolutionary purpose because human genes have
developed over millions of years through adapting behaviors to environmental stimuli. The roots
of biopsychology began when Charles Darwin formulated his theory of natural selection during
his global travels. His perceptive observations of animals resulted in his famous book on natural
selection, which started an evolutionary revolution in the world of science. In modern times, Jane
Goodall has pioneered our understanding of biopsychology through her lifetime studies of
African primates.
The biopsychology approach believes that human behaviors are all consequences of
genetics and physiology, according to the American Psychology Association. It is actually the
only psychology subfield that studies thoughts and behaviors from a physical point of view. A
biological perspective contributes to psychology through using comparative methods. This
means that different animal species are studied and compared, so psychologists better understand
human behavior. It also increases our understanding of human physiology, such as how the
brain, hormones and nervous systems work. By studying how structural changes affect
functioning, we can learn to influence behaviors. Third, learning about how and what animals
inherit from their parents, bio-psychologists reveal the nature of inheritance and genetics.
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