CANCER BIOLOGY LECTURE 4 Treatment Review Exam Q & A 2026 (Complete And Verified Study material) (19pages) LEARNEXAMS

1. **Case Study**: A 45-year-old male presents with a palpable mass in

the right breast. Which imaging modality would be most appropriate for

initial screening?

 - A) Mammography

 - B) Ultrasound

 - C) MRI

 - D) PET Scan

 **Answer**: A) Mammography. Rationale: Mammography is the

standard initial imaging technique for breast masses due to its high

sensitivity and specificity.

2. **Case Study**: A 55-year-old female with a history of smoking

undergoes a CT scan for persistent cough. A 2 cm nodule is found in the

left lung. What is the next best step for diagnosis?

 - A) Bronchoscopy

 - B) Sputum cytology

 - C) Biopsy

 - D) PET Scan

 **Answer**: C) Biopsy. Rationale: Given the size and risk factors, a

biopsy is warranted to obtain a definitive diagnosis.

3. **Case Study**: A patient diagnosed with colorectal cancer requires

staging. Which imaging study provides information on both local and

distant disease spread?

 - A) MRI

 - B) CT scan

 - C) Endoscopic ultrasound

 - D) X-ray

 **Answer**: B) CT scan. Rationale: CT scans are useful in staging

colorectal cancer as they can evaluate both the primary site and distant

organs for metastasis.

4. **Case Study**: During routine screening, a 50-year-old female's

mammogram shows microcalcifications in the left breast. What is the

significance of this finding?

 - A) Benign changes

 - B) Highly suggestive of malignancy

 - C) Indicative of infection