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CCNA 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS
Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
-Guarantee passing score -33 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation
Question 1: What is Domain Name System (DNS)?
Answer:
DNS is a system that translates human-friendly domain names (e.g., www.google.com) into IPs (e.g., 142.250.190.78), allowing computers to locate and communicate with each other over the internet.
Question 2: What does the Transport layer of TCP/IP cover?
Answer:
TCP for reliability and UPD for speed
Question 3: How can ARP be used as an attack?
Answer:
Fake ARP responses are created to trick a device into assosiating an incorrect MAC with IP
Question 4: What is the difference between OSPFv2 and OSPFv3?
Answer:
OSPFv2 is for IPv4 and OSPFv3 is for IPv6
Question 5: Name 4 end devices
Answer:
PC, Printer, Laptop, Server
Question 6: Why is VLAN useful?
Answer:
Logical segments of a physical network allows for communitcation as if on the same network, even through switches.
Question 7: What is "Trunking"?
Answer:
Trunking allows multiple VLANs to travel over single physical connection between switches and routers.
Question 8: What does the transport layer of OSI cover?
Answer:
TCP, UDP, end to end communication
Question 9: What does the network interface of TCP/IP cover?
Answer:
MAC addressing, ethernet, wifi
Question 10: How are subnet masks noted?
Answer:
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) e.g. 255.255.255.0 - /24
Question 11: What is the default gateway?
Answer:
The default gateway is the router or network device that routes traffic from a local network to external networks, typically the internet. It serves as the exit point for packets that do not have a specific route in the device's routing table.
Question 12: What are the two types of Routing?
Answer:
Static and Dynamic
Question 13: What is dynamic routing?
Answer:
Dynamic routing automatically updates the routing table based on network changes. Routers exchange information with each other using routing protocols
Question 14: What does the data link layer of OSI cover?
Answer:
MAC address, frames, error detection
Question 15: Name 3 transport media
Answer:
Ethernet cable, Fibre optic cable, WiFi
Question 16: How does ARP work?
Answer:
ARP creates a broadcast requesting an IP address within a network.
Question 17: What does the application layer of TCP/IP cover?
Answer:
HTTP, SMTP and DNS
Question 18: What are the benefits of subnetting?
Answer:
Optimize network performance, improve security, efficiently allocate IP addresses
Question 19: What is the purpose of the MAC Table?
Answer:
A MAC table is a database used by Ethernet switches to map MAC addresses to specific switch ports.
Question 20: What is static routing?
Answer:
Static routing is a manual method where network administrators configure fixed routes in a router's routing table
Question 21: What are the common dynamic routing protocols?
Answer:
RIP (Routing Information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol), BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
Question 22: What does the phsyical layer of OSI cover?
Answer:
Transfer of raw data (bits) across cable or radio waves
Question 23: What does the network layer of OSI cover?
Answer:
IP Addresses, Routers, Packet
Question 24: What does the network layer of TCP/IP cover?
Answer:
IPv4 and IPv6 for routing
Question 25: What does the session layer of OSI cover?
Answer:
Manages sessions, connections and authentication between applications
Question 26: What is every MAC address assigned to?
Answer:
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Question 27: What is ARP?
Answer:
The Address Resolution Protocol help match MAC address with IP adress
Question 28: What is Network Address Translation (NAT)?
Answer:
NAT modifies IPs information in packet headers while they are in transit, allowing multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP. This helps conserve IPv4 addresses and enhances security
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