CELL BIOLOGY 020.306 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE 2026 (Complete And Verified Study material) (9pages) LEARNEXAMS

1. Nucleolus. 11 points. A. Name (or describe) two specific types of proteins or nucleic acids that would be likely to be found in a nucleolus (a subcompartment of the nucleus). 4 nucleus 1: rRNA, rDNA, ribosomal proteins, snoRNAs, histones, RNA Pol I (not mRNAs, ribosomal protein genes, carbohydrates, or lipids) 2: -1 pt max for “DNA” with no further explanation B. Do you think there are phospholipid molecules that localize to a nucleolus? 3 nucleus Circle one: YES NO Explain: phospholipids are found in membranes (lipid bilayers) and the nucleolus is not membrane-bound C. The nucleolus can be identified in many types of microscopy as a dark region of the nucleus. Select a type of microscopy below and explain why the nucleolus appears darker than the surrounding region. Your answer should include both characteristics of the nucleolus and the type of microscopy. 4 nucleus/methods 1 3 Select one type of microscopy: phase contrast transmission electron fluorescence microscopy using a DAPI stain for DNA The signal detected is light (phase contrast) or electrons (TEM) that pass through the sample and the material in the nucleolus is dense because it contains a lot of molecules and therefore prevents the light or electrons from passing through. For DAPI, the signal is the emission wavelength generated by the fluorescent dye DAPI which binds DNA. There is less DNA and therefore less DAPI in the nucleolus than the surrounding area. 2. Glycoproteins. 18 points A. Name one extracellular matrix glycoprotein discussed in this course and briefly describe the function of that protein. ECM 3 Name: laminin, fibronectin, elastin, collagen Briefly describe function: