CHEM 219 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

CHEM 219 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
CHEM 219 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The speed of a wave (c) is the product of its frequency (ν) and wavelength (λ). - answer E =
hv = h x c / λ
nm to m
or
m to nm - answer 1 m / 10^9 nm
or
10^9 nm / 1 m
What is the maximum number of electrons that can have the quantum numbers n = 3, â„“ = 2,
mâ„“ = -2? - answer The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in a given atom
can share the same set of four quantum numbers (n, â„“, mâ„“, ms). This set of quantum
numbers contains three quantum numbers, with the only missing quantum number being
ms, which can take on the values +½ and -½. Therefore, this set of three quantum numbers
represents a single atomic orbital, which can contain two unique electrons: one with ms =
+½ and one with ms = -½.
An exothermic reaction causes the surroundings to - answer An exothermic reaction
transfers energy from the system to the surroundings. That tells us the surroundings will
get warmer.
A theory is another word for a(n) _________. - answer A theory or model is a well established
explanation of a phenomenon based on a series of facts and a body of evidence.
What is the definition of a natural law? - answer A scientific law summarizes an observable
behavior.
The skeletal structure of a complex organic molecule is shown below. Determine the
number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in the molecule. - answer Remember a single bond =
1 σ; a double bond = 1 σ + 1 π; a triple bond = 1 σ + 2 π. This molecule contains 6 double
CHEM 219 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
CHEM 219 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
bonds, so there are 6σ and 6π. There are 28 single bonds, so there are 28 σ. This is a total
34σ and 6π.
strontium phosphate - answer Sr₃(PO₄)₂
Which of the following statements is true? - answer One driving force in the vaporization
of a liquid is an increase in disorder (entropy). Gas molecules are more disordered than
liquid molecules. Adding a non-volatile solute to a liquid also increases the disorder of the
liquid molecules, so the difference in disorder between the liquid and gas phases is not as
great as with a pure substance. Therefore the tendency to vaporize is not as great for the
solution as it is for the pure liquid, resulting in a lower vapor pressure for the solution.
Which of the following aqueous solutions would have the highest boiling point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 1.0 m HF
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2 - answer The dissolved solute will raise the boiling point. The more "things"
that are dissolved (ions or molecules), the higher the boiling point will be. The CaClâ‚‚ will
break up into one Ca²âº ion and two Cl⁻ ions and there will be a concentration of 3.0 m of
"things" in solution. The other choices will have fewer "things" in solution and will raise the
boiling point less.
Which one of the following aqueous solutions would have the highest freezing point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 2.0 m CH3OH
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2 - answer The dissolved solute will lower the freezing point. The more
"things" that are dissolved (ions or molecules), the lower the freezing point will be. Since

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