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1. A 45-year-old woman comes to the clinic with
complaints of hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and
vaginal dryness. She has a history of hypertension and
diabetes. She is not interested in hormone therapy and asks
about alternative options. Which of the following is the
most appropriate recommendation for her?
a) Black cohosh
b) Soy products
c) St. John's wort
d) Vitamin E
*Answer: b) Soy products*
Rationale: Soy products contain phytoestrogens, which are
plant-derived compounds that have estrogen-like effects.
They may help reduce the severity and frequency of hot
flashes and other menopausal symptoms. Black cohosh, St.
John's wort, and vitamin E have not been proven to be
effective for menopausal symptoms.
2. A 32-year-old woman is diagnosed with polycystic
ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition that causes irregular
periods, excess hair growth, acne, and infertility. She is
overweight and has insulin resistance. She wants to know
what lifestyle changes she can make to improve her
condition. Which of the following is the most important
advice for her?
a) Increase her intake of omega-3 fatty acids
b) Reduce her intake of refined carbohydrates
c) Take a multivitamin supplement daily
d) Drink green tea regularly
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