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1. When evaluating a periapical radiograph of the maxillary anterior teeth,
which of the following landmarks is most important for identifying
pathology?
 A. Nasal septum
 B. Maxillary sinus
 C. Incisive foramen
 D. Median palatal suture
 Answer: C. Incisive foramen
 Rationale: The incisive foramen is a critical landmark for assessing
pathology in the maxillary anterior region on a periapical radiograph.
2. A dental hygienist notices a radiopaque lesion near the apex of tooth
#14. Which of the following should be considered in the differential
diagnosis?
 A. Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia
 B. Condensing osteitis
 C. Hypercementosis
 D. All of the above
 Answer: D. All of the above
 Rationale: All listed conditions can present as radiopaque lesions near
the apex of a tooth and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
3. In panoramic radiography, which error can lead to a 'ghost' image
appearing on the radiograph?
 A. Patient movement
 B. Incorrect patient positioning
 C. Exposure time too short
 D. Film development error
 Answer: B. Incorrect patient positioning
 Rationale: Incorrect patient positioning can result in 'ghost' images on
panoramic radiographs due to the rotation of the beam around the patient.
4. Which of the following is an indication for taking bitewing
radiographs?
 A. Evaluation of periodontal disease
 B. Detection of interproximal caries
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