Edition TESTBANK - th Edition TESTBANK Chapter 1: Highlights from ...

Advanced Practice Nursing, 6 th Edition TESTBANK Chapter 1: Highlights from the History of Advanced Practice Nursing in the United States Test Bank Multiple Choice

• In which year did the American Association of College of Nursing (AACN) introduced the

Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP)?

• 2006
• 2004
• 2000
• 2002

ANS: B

The AACN introduced the DNP degree in 2004 to prepare advanced practice nurses (APRNs) to meet challenges and standardize practice beyond master’s degree programs.

• Which of the following is the best explanation for the creation of the Doctorate of Nursing

Practice (DNP) degree?

• To compete against master’s degree programs
• To ensure standardized curriculum ensuring independent practice
• To validate APRN’s for financial reimbursement
• To address increasing curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs

ANS: D

Although all answers are influenced by the DNP core competencies, the DNP program creation in 2004 by the AACN was designed to address curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs.

• Which of the following was the first recognized area of advanced practice nursing?
• Clinical Nurse Specialist
• Family nurse practitioner
• Pediatric nurse practitioner
• Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist

WWW.THENURSINGMASTERY.COMANS: D

In1931,theNationalAssociationofNurseAnesthetists(NANA),renamedin1939tothe AmericanAssociationofNurseAnesthetists(AANA)wasthefirstrecognizedgrouppromoting advancednursingpractice.AgathaHodginsfoundedtheAANMatLakesideHospitalin Cleveland, Ohio.

• Which factor is broadly perceived to solidify and standardize the role of the APNs over the last

25 years?

• Lack of access to health care providers
• Standardized curriculum development
• Payment for services
• Societal forces

ANS: B

AstheevolutionofAdvancedPracticeNursingadvancesspecificspecialtiesandneedsare identified.Throughtheevolutionoforganizationandstandardizationtheseroleshavesolidified the APN’s role in today’s health care environment.

• During the formation of early APN roles in anesthesia, which of the following increased

demand for access to health care?

• Poverty
• War
• Rural access to care
• Availability of training

ANS: B

Earliestdemandfornursing-providedanesthesiaspikedduringperiodsofwarwhennumbersof physicianswereinadequate.TheearliestrecordsdatebacktotheAmericanCivilWarwiththe administrationofchloroform.DuringWorldWarIin1917morethan1000nurses,sometrained anesthetists,traveledintobattle.Otherfactorssuchasneedforruralhealthcarecamelaterinthe validation and need for APNs.

6.In1889,Dr.WilliamWorrallMayobuiltandopenedSt.Mary’shospitalinRochester,NY.He isknownforsomeoftheearliestrecruitmentandspecializedtrainingofnursesinwhichof the following roles?

• Pediatrics
• Anesthesia
• Obstetrics

• Research and statistics
• Family nursing

WWW.THENURSINGMASTERY.COMANS: B

In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo began formally training and recognizing nurse anesthetists.This has been regarded as the earliest training in nurse-provided anesthesia.

• In 1893, Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement (HSS) House for which purpose?
• Access to health care of rural areas
• Create inner-city nursing awareness
• Provide the disadvantaged access to care
• Establish guidelines for advanced nursing roles

ANS: C

TheHHSwasestablishedtoprovidenursingservicestoimmigrantsandlow-incomepatientsand theirfamiliesinManhattan.Asresistancetonurse-providedcaregrew,standingorderswere draftedfromagroupofLowerEastSidephysicianstherebycircumventingthen-existinglegal ramifications.

• The Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) founded in Kentucky in 1925 by Mary Breckenridge

initially provided Appalachia with nursing resources and which type of advanced nursing care?

• Pediatric care
• Anesthesia
• Midwifery
• Surgical services

ANS: C

TheoriginalFNSprovidednursingservicesandobstetricservicestoAppalachianresidents.Later workingfromstandardordersdevelopedfromtheirmedicaladvisorycommitteenursestreated patients, made diagnoses, and dispensed medications.

• Which organization founded in 1941 under Mary Breckenridge’s leadership merged with the

American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) in 1969?

• American Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM)
• American Nurses Association (ANA)
• Association for National Nurse-Midwifery (ANNM)
• Council of Nursing Midwifery (ANM)

ANS: A

The American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) formed under the leadership of Mary Breckenridge in 1941 to provide nurse-midwife development and collaboration for midwife WWW.THENURSINGMASTERY.COMdevelopment. In 1955, the American College of Nurse-Midwives was formed and the two organizations merged in 1969 after the death of Mary Breckenridge.

• In a landmark ruling by the Supreme Court as a result of Chalmers-Frances v. Nelson, 1936,

what legal precedent was established?

• Nurse anesthesia was allowed under the nurse practice act
• Nurse anesthesia scope of practice included anesthesia
• Nurse anesthesia was legal, if under guidance of a supervising physician d.

Only trained nursing professionals could administer anesthesia independently

ANS: C

ThelandmarkdecisionfromtheChalmers-Francesv.Nelsoncasesetnationalprecedentforthe advancednursingpracticerole.Itprovedtobethebasisforothercasesoverthefollowingfew decadesandestablishedthattrainednursescouldlegallyprovideanesthesiacareunder supervision of a physician.

• The first known establishment of the nurse practitioner role occurred in 1965 at the

University of Colorado. In which area of training did this role specialize?

• Pediatrics
• Geriatrics
• Midwifery
• Anesthesia

ANS: A

Theestablishmentofthefirstpediatricnursepractitionerprogramwasin1965attheUniversity ofColorado.LorettaFord,RNandHenrySilver,MDprovideda4-monthcoursetocertified registered nurses to provide education on managing childhood health problems.

• The DNP program curriculum outlined which of the following clinical requirements in an

effort to standardize training?

• 1000 supervised clinical hours and 200 unsupervised clinical hours
• 1000 supervised clinical hours
• 900 supervised clinical hours