EXERTIONAL HEAT ILLNESS EXAM QUESTIONS

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EXERTIONAL HEAT ILLNESS EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -24 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation Question 1: Heat syncope:

Answer:

-If an athlete experiences a brief episode of fainting associated with dizziness, tunnel vision, pale or sweaty skin, and a decreased pulse rate but has a normal rectal temperature (for exercise, 36C to 40C [97F to 104F]), then heat syncope is most likely the cause.-Move the athlete to a shaded area, monitor vital signs, elevate the legs above the level of the head, and rehydrate.

Question 2: Encourage athletes to sleep at least 6 to 8 hours at night

in a cool environment eat a well-balanced diet that follows the Food Guide Pyramid and United States Dietary Guidelines and maintain proper hydration status.

Answer:

Athletes exercising in hot conditions (especially during twice-a-day practices) require extra sodium from the diet or rehydration beverages or both.

Question 3: Exercise (heat) exhaustion

Answer:

-Cognitive changes are usually minimal, but assess central nervous system function for bizarre behavior, hallucinations, altered mental status, confusion, disorientation, or coma to rule out more serious conditions.

• If feasible, measure body-core temperature (rectal temperature)

and assess cognitive function and vital signs. Rectal temperature is the most accurate method possible in the field to monitor body-core temperature.

• The ATC should not rely on the oral, tympanic,

or axillary temperature for athletes because these are inaccurate and ineffective measures of body-core temperature during and after exercise.

• If the athlete's temperature is elevated, remove his or her

excess clothing to increase the evaporative surface and to facilitate cooling.

• Cool the athlete with fans, ice towels, or ice bags because

these may help the athlete with a temperature of more than 38.8C (102F) to feel better faster.

• Remove the athlete to a cool or shaded environment if possible.
• Start fluid replacement.
• Transfer care to a physician if intravenous fluids are needed

or if recovery is not rapid and uneventful.

Question 4: Notify local hospital and emergency personnel before

mass participation events to inform them of the event and the

Answer:

increased possibility of heat-related illnesses.Question 5: Plan rest breaks to match the environmental conditions and the intensity of the activity. Exercise intensity and environmental conditions should be the major determinants in deciding the length and frequency of rest breaks. If possible, cancel or postpone the activity or move it indoors (if air conditioned) if the conditions are ''extreme or hazardous'' or ''very high'' or to the right of the circled line. General guidelines during intense exercise would include a work: rest ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 for ''extreme or hazardous'' or ''very high'', ''high,'' ''moderate,'' or ''low'' environmental risk, For activities such as football

Answer:

in which equipment must be considered, please refer to Figure 2 for equipment modifications and appropriate work: rest ratios for various environmental conditions. Rest breaks should occur in the shade if possible, and hydration during rest breaks should be encouraged.

Question 6: Mandate a check of hydration status at weigh-in to ensure athletes in sports requiring weight classes (e.g., wrestling, judo, rowing) are not dehydrated. Any procedures used to induce dramatic dehydration (e.g., diuretics, rubber suits, exercising in a sauna) are strictly prohibited

Answer:

Dehydrated athletes exercising at the same intensity as euhydrated athletes are at increased risk for thermoregulatory strain

Question 7: Include the following supplies on the field, in the locker

room, and at various other stations:

Answer:

-supply of cool water or sports drinks or both to meet the participants' needs (see the ''National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement in Athletes'' 52 for recommendations regarding the appropriate composition of rehydration beverages based on the length and intensity of the activity) -Ice for active cooling (ice bags, tub cooling) and to keep beverages cool during exercise

• Rectal thermometer to assess body-core temperature -Telephone or 2-way radio to communicate with

medical personnel and to summon emergency medical transportation

• Tub, wading pool, kiddy pool, or whirlpool to cool the trunk

and extremities for immersion cooling therapy

Question 8: Allow athletes to practice in shaded areas and use

Answer:

electric or cooling fans to circulate air whenever feasible

Question 9: Minimize warm-up time when feasible, and conduct

warm-up sessions in the shade when possible to minimize the

Answer:

radiant heat load in ''high'' or ''very high'' or ''extreme or hazardous'' conditions Question 10: Exertional heat stroke:

Answer:

-Measure the rectal temperature if feasible to differentiate between heat exhaustion and heat stroke.With heat stroke, rectal temperature is elevated (generally higher than 40C

[104F])

• Assess cognitive function, which is markedly altered in exertional

heat stroke.

• Lower the body-core temperature as quickly as possible. The fastest way to decrease body

temperature is to remove clothes and equipment and immerse the body (trunk and extremities) into a pool or tub of cold water (approximately 1C to 15C [35F to 59F]). Aggressive cooling is the most critical factor in the treatment of exertional heat stroke. Circulation of the tub water may enhance cooling.

• Monitor the temperature during the cooling therapy and recovery

(every 5 to 10 minutes). Once the athlete's rectal temperature reaches approximately 38.3C to 38.9C (101F to 102F), he or she should be removed from the pool or tub to avoid overcooling.

• If a physician is present to manage the athlete's medical care

on site, then initial transportation to a medical facility may not be necessary so immersion can continue uninterrupted -If a physician is not present, aggressive first-aid cooling should be initiated on site and continued during emergency medical system transport and at the hospital until the athlete is normo-thermic.

• Activate the emergency medical system.
• Monitor the athlete's vital signs and other signs and symptoms

of heat stroke

• During transport and when immersion is not feasible, other

methods can be used to reduce body temperature: removing

the clothing; sponging down the athlete with cool water and applying cold towels; applying ice bags to as much of the body as possible, especially the major vessels in the armpit, groin, and neck; providing shade; and fanning the body with air.

• In addition to cooling therapies, first-aid emergency procedures

for heat stroke may include airway management. Also a physician may decide to begin intravenous fluid replacement.

• Monitor for organ-system complications for at least 24

hours.Question 11: Conduct a thorough, physician-supervised, pre-participation medical screening before the season starts to identify athletes

Answer:

predisposed to heat illness on the basis of risk factors and those who have a history of exertional heat illness.