FINAL CCHT EXAM- DEFINITIONS

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FINAL CCHT EXAM- DEFINITIONS

Actual Qs and Ans - Expert-Verified Explanation -Guaranteed passing score -88 Questions and Answers

-Format: Multiple-choice / Flashcard

Question 1: Amyloidosis

Answer:

Amyloidosis occurs when aproteingcalled beta-2-microglobulin -B2M- builds up in soft tissues, bones, and joints. The deposits can cause joint and or bone pain. High-flux membranes and or noctournal hemodialysis remove more B2M, which may help prevent or treat this problem.Question 2: This can be done directly - fistula- or with a piece of synthetic tubing - graft. For short term access, a catheter may be placed in a large central vein.

Answer:

Acid Question 3: An acid is substance with a pH below 7.0 that can donate a hydrogen ion -H+. In the human body, acids form when protein and other foods are broken down by cell metabolism.

Answer:

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - AIDS

Question 4: Carbon tank

Answer:

Carbon tanks are water treament devices. They contain granular, activated carbon that adsorbs low molecular weight particles from water. Carbon tanks are mainly used to remove chlorine, chloramines, pesticides, solvents, and some trace organic substances from water used for dialysis .

Question 5: Cardiac Output

Answer:

Cardiac output is the amount of blood passing through the heart in a certain period of time. Having an AV fistual or graft causes a 10% increase in cardiac output. This causes a 10% increase in the size of the heart. Patients who can't tolerate this increase in cardiac output cant's have AV fistulae or grafts.Question 6: An anticoagulant is a blood-thinning drug used to keep clots from forming.Anticoagulants, such as heperain, are used to prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit during hemodialysis.

Answer:

Antidiuretic Hormone- ADH Question 7: Once the tracts are formed, special blunt needles are used to avoid cutting new tracts. Buttonhole cannulation is quick to do, less likely to infiltrate, and largely painless for the patient.

Answer:

Bypass Question 8: In hemodialysis, arterial pressure is measured in the extracorporeal circuit between the arterial needle and the dialyzer.

Answer:

Pre-pump arterial pressure is measured from the patient's access to the blood pump. Post-pump arterial pressure is measured after the blood pump, but before the dialyzer.

Question 9: Bruit

Answer:

A Bruit is a buzzing or swooshing sound caused by the high-pressure flow of blood through a patient's fistula or graft. The bruit can be heard through a stethoscope at the anastomosis, and for some length along the access. A high-pitched bruit may mean there is stenosis of the access.

Question 10: Catheter

Answer:

A catheter is a plastic tube. In hemodialysis, a catheter can be placed in a large, central vein for short-term or long term access. In peritoneal dialysis, a catheter is placed in the abdoman or chest. It is used to infuse fresh dialysate into the periotoneum and drain used dialysate.

Question 11: Artery

Answer:

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart at high pressure. Arteries bring oxygenated blood to each part of the body.Question 12: A blood leak occurs when the delicate semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer tears, letting blood leak into the dialysate. Severe blood leaks can cause major blood loss during treatment. Any blood leak will expose patients directly to the dialysate.

Answer:

Blood Leak Detector

Question 13: Brachial pulse

Answer:

The brachial pulse is the pulse felt in the crease of the elbow at the brachial artery.

Question 14: Brachiocephalic Fistula

Answer:

A brachiocephalic fistula is the most common type of AV fistula of the upper arm. It is created by surgically joining the brachial artery to the cephalic vein.Question 15: Chloride is a salt concentrate needed in dialystate and in the human body.Chloride combines with other elements to form sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, and calcium chloride.

Answer:

Chlorine

Question 16: Bacteria

Answer:

Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that can cause disease. Bacteria are classified as Gram-positive or Gram-negative by the color they turn on a test called Gram's stain.

Question 17: Aseptic

Answer:

Aseptic means sterile or germ-free.

Question 18: Blood pump

Answer:

The blood pump is part of the hemodialysis delivery system. It pushes the patient's blood through the extracorporeal circuit at a fixed rate of speed. During a treatment, the blood tubing is threaded beteen the pump head and rollers. the rollers move blood through the circuit and back to the patient.Question 19: Antegrade means forward-moving. In dialysis, it means in the direction of blood flow. The venous needle should always be placed antegrade. The arterial needle is placed antegrade or retrograde, though there is some evidenc that antegrade is better. .

Answer:

Anticoagulant

Question 20: Acute Kidney Failure

Answer:

Acute kidney failure has a sudden onset. It is most often caused by an illness, injury, or toxin that stresses the kidneys. Some patients who survive acute kidney failure can recover kidney function.Others die or go on to develop chronic kidney failure.Question 21: Auscultate means to listen with a stethoscope. Auscultation is used to diagnose access problems like stenosis or thromboisis that can change the normal sound of the bruit.

Answer:

Backfiltration

Question 22: Adsorb

Answer:

Adsorb means to attract and hold. The dialyzer membrane adsorbs blood proteins to the walls of the hollow fibers during a treatment.Question 23: If the pressure reading is outside of set limits, an alarm will sound and the blood pump will stop.

Answer:

Arterialize

Question 24: Certified in Clinical Nephrology Technology - CCNT

Answer:

The CCNT certification is offered by the Natonal Nephrology Certification Organization, Inc - NNCO