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Final Exam: NUR631/ NUR 631 ( 2026/2027 Update) Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Study Guide Questions and Answers – GCU
Final Exam: NUR631/ NUR 631 (
2026/2027 Update) Advanced Physiology and
Pathophysiology Study Guide Questions and
Answers – GCU
Q: Patient comes in with chronic wounds that aren't healing. What are you thinking?
Answer:
-Diabetes
-Something else is going on with those patient/other comorbidities
Q: If a newborn doesn't have enough collectin-like protein what kind of infec- tion might they
develop?
Answer:
-Pneumonia
-Anything RESPIRATORY related
Q: Where do B lymphocytes grow up and develop
Answer:
Bone marrow
Q: I go over to a friend's house to get chickenpox. What type of immunity is that?
Answer:
Active acquired immunity/Body will make antibodies
Q: What is happening at a cellular level with a type two sensitivity reaction?-
Answer:
-Antibodies are attaching to the cellular surface of the antigen.
-release of histamines and IgE
Q: What does Rhogram do?
Answer:
-Stops hemolytic anemia
-Give to Rh - moms with a Rh + baby
Q: If we have a patient that went under some organ transplant, why would we have tissue
damage?
Answer:
Start to see TH1 cells release too many cytokines so we will see the cytotoxic effects. Cytokines
will ly attack the endothelial cells.
Q: What is an exotoxin?
Answer:
When bacteria is growing they release exotoxins.
Q: What do we have that helps us fight fungal infections?
Answer:
-Phagocytes
-T-Lymphocytes
Q: Why, if I'm really stressed, am I more likely to get sick?
Answer:
Stress releases cortisol, cortisol increases, helper T cells are suppressed.
Q: Stressed patient (long period of time), what can we see develop with lab results?
Answer:
-Hypoglycemia
-Cortisol increase causes hyperglycemia initially, but with chronic stress cortisol levels become
depleted causing hypoglycemia. (Adrenal insufficiency)
Q: What happens when we have cellular metabolism that just isn't working right? What will
develop?
Answer:
Build up of waste
Q: What is the least likely IL to cause endothelial cells to go into that proin- flammatory state?
Answer:
IL4
Q: If you had a patient that developed MODS, what substances stimulate the normal endothelial
cells to go into a proinflammatory state?
Answer:
Interleukins tumor necrosis factor
IL-6
Q: How dehyd does a child have to be before we see them have low
BP
Answer:
10%
Q: Why a patient can develop a reperfusion injury.
Answer:
Once we've had oxygen cut off for a while we can ly see damage happen from that
reexposure to oxygen
Q: Why do burn patients go into kidney failure?
Answer:
Damaged muscles produce
Myoglobin
Myoglobin is huge and hard for kidneys to filter out. Not meant to filter it.
Q: What type of cancer do we recommend exercise to decrease prevalence?-
Answer:
Colon CA
Q: In children, exposure to what virus develops a carcinogenic relationship?-
Answer:
EBV
Q: Risk factors of kids being exposed to and might develop CA due to (SE- LECT ALL THAT
APPLY)
Answer:
Ionizing radiation
Chemo
Cigarette smoke
EBV
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