FREE ANATOMY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT AP MARIEB

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FREE ANATOMY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT AP MARIEB

CH19 EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -139 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: What nerves maintain the resting heart rate?

Answer:

parasympathetic vagus nerves

Question 2: What are the 2nd most permeable capillaries?

Answer:

fenestrated capillaries Question 3: What is a homeostatic imbalance of veins that causes them to become tortuous and dilated because of leaky valves?

Answer:

Varicose veins

Question 4: When do arteries not carry oxygenated blood?

Answer:

pulmonary circulation, umbilical vessels of fetus

Question 5: What is the process of forcing fluids thru the capillary walls via capillary hydrostatic pressure?

Answer:

filtration

Question 6: How are larger molecules transported through capillary walls?

Answer:

actively transported via pinocytotic vesicles or caveolae

Question 7: Name the three layers found in arteries and veins

Answer:

tunica intima, tunica media and tunica externa

Question 8: Hormones involved in maintaining BP

Answer:

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 9: How does aldosterone affect blood pressure?

Answer:

enhances renal reabsorption of sodium and prods posterior pitutiary to release ADH, which promotes more water reabsorption, causing both blood volume and blood pressure to rise Question 10: What is the most common form of circulatory shock, resulting from large scale loss of blood, as in hemorrhage, severe vomiting or diarrhea or extensive burns?

Answer:

hypovolemic shock Question 11: Receptors located in the carotid sinus, aortic arch, and large arteries of the neck?

Answer:

Chemoreceptors

Question 12: What mechanisms are a long term control of blood pressure?

Answer:

renal mechanisms

Question 13: Hormones that cause generalized vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output?

Answer:

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Question 14: List some intrinsic mechanisms of autoregulation of blood flow

Answer:

(metabolic)amounts of pH, O2, CO2, prostagladins, adenosine, nitric oxide, endothelins and (myogenic) stretch Question 15: With age, increased capillary membrane permeability, there's increased:

Answer:

Edema formation

Question 16: What are several factors that contribute to varicose veins?

Answer:

heredity; prolonged standing in one position, obesity, pregnancy; elevated venous pressure

Question 17: What can happen in cases of prolonged hypertension?

Answer:

heart failure, vascular disease, renal failure, and stroke

Question 18: What is usually in charge of heart rate?

Answer:

cardioinhibitory center in the medulla

Question 19: Cardiac output (CO) is equal to Stroke volume times what?

Answer:

heart rate Question 20: A local increase in histamine would not result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds.

Answer:

False

Question 21: What is considered chronic hypertension?

Answer:

140/90 or higher Question 22: When body temp. decreases less blood flows to skin thereby:

Answer:

Diverting warm blood to core of body

Question 23: Name the three types of arteries

Answer:

Elastic, muscular and arterioles Question 24: Name some characteristics of veins:

Answer:

Thiner walls and larger lumens than arteries, have thin tunica media but thick tunica externa consisting of collagen fibers, have valves

Question 25: Peripheral resistance increases in anemia T/F

Answer:

False Question 26: What is the force opposing a hydrostatic pressure, created by the presence in a fluid of large nondiffusible molecules such as plasma proteins, called?

Answer:

colloid osmotic pressure

Question 27: items that cause vasodialation

Answer:

Decrease pH or O2, increase CO2, K, prostoglandins, adenosine, nitric oxide, ANP, beta receptors of epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 28: What causes vasodilation of vessels of skin?

Answer:

Temperature elevation