FREE ANATOMY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT BLOOD

PDF Download

FREE ANATOMY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT BLOOD

VESSELS EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -67 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation Question 1: Blood Flow:

Answer:

amount of blood flowing through an organ, tissue, or blood vessel in a given time.Question 2: Resistance (small) arteries:

Answer:

arterioles (smallest arteries) - control amount of blood to various organs.Question 3: Vessel Wall:

Answer:

Tunica Interna, Tunica Media, Tunica Externa Question 4: Hypertension:

Answer:

High blood pressure - chronic resting BP > 140/90. Weaken small arteries, cause aneurysm

Question 5: Thoroughfare channel:

Answer:

metarteriole that continues through capillary bed to venule.Question 6: Tunica Externa: [outermost layer]

Answer:

Consists of connective tissue, loose connective tissue that merges with neighboring blood organs (nerves). Function - anchors the vessel & provides a passageway for small nerves, small blood vessels, & lympathic blood vessels.Question 7: Metarterioles (instead of tunica media- has muscle cells):

Answer:

short vessels that link arterioles to capillaries.Question 8: Venule:

Answer:

minute vein that is continuous with a capillary.Question 9: Continuous Capillaries (occur in most tissues):

Answer:

endothelial cells have tight junctions forming a continuous tube with intercellular clefts. [solute (like glucose) can pass through] Question 10: Pulse Pressure:

Answer:

difference between systolic and diastolic pressure (120-74 = 45 mmHg) Question 11: Distributing (muscular or medium) arteries:

Answer:

distributes blood to specific organs, smooth muscle layers constitue three-fourths of wall of thickness.Question 12: Arteries:

Answer:

are divided into categories based on size.

Question 13: When sphincters close:

Answer:

blood bypasses the capillaries, flows through thoroughfare channel to venule Question 14: Large Veins:

Answer:

some smooth muscle in all three tunics, thin tunica media with moderate amount of smooth muscle, tunica externa is thickest layer (contains longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle) Question 15: What does that mean? (hemodynamics):

Answer:

The greater the pressure difference between 2 points, the greater the flow. The greater the resistance, the lesser the flow.

Question 16: How do varicose veins emerge?

Answer:

When valves fail to prevent back flow of blood, cusps of valves pull apart. This weakens vessels & starts the backflow of blood, when walls grow weaker...varicose veins form.Question 17: Postcapillary venules (smallest veins):

Answer:

even more porous than capillaries (can exchange fluids with surrounding tissues) Question 18: Muscle cells:

Answer:

form a precapillary sphincter about entrance to capillary [constriction of these sphincters reduces or shuts off blood flow through their respective capillaries, diverts blood to other tissues) Question 19: Perfusion:

Answer:

the flow of given volume or mass of tissue in a given time (mL/min/g) Question 20: Portal System:

Answer:

blood flows through two consecutive capillary networks before reutrning to heart. [between hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, in kidneys, & between intestines to liver]

Question 21: Blood Pressure:

Answer:

one of the body's chief mechanisms in preventing excessive blood pressure. Is the ability of the arteries to stretch and recoil during the cardiac cycle.Question 22: Tunica Interna: [tunica intima]

Answer:

lines the insides of the blood vessel & is exposed to the blood. Loose connective tissue. Contains simple squamous epithelium called endothelium. Endothelium acts a selectively permeable membrane barrier to the materials entering/leaving the blood.Question 23: Carotid Sinuses: (baroreceptors) pressure sensors

Answer:

in walls of internal carotid artery, & monitors blood pressure-signaling brain stem Question 24: Carotid Bodies: (chemoreceptors)

Answer:

oval bodies near branch of common carotids, monitor blood chemistry, mainly transmit signals to the brainstem respiratory centers, adjust respiratory rate to stablilize pH, CO2, and O2 Question 25: Conducting (elastic or large) arteries:

Answer:

biggest arteries, expand during systole, recoil during diastole which lessens fluctuations in blood pressure.Question 26: Principles of Blood Flow - at rest:

Answer:

total flow is quite constant = to cardiac output Question 27: Circulatory Routes (simplest and most common route):

Answer:

heart to arteries to aterioles to capillaries to venules to veins.