FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT FLUID AND ELECTROLIT

PDF Download

FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT FLUID AND ELECTROLIT

EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -123 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation Question 1: The charge nurse on a medical-surgical unit is completing assignments for the day shift. Which client is assigned to the LPN/LVN?

Answer:

76-year-old with poor skin turgor who has a serum osmolarity of 300 mOsm/L - Although the client has poor skin turgor, the serum osmolarity indicates that fluid balance is normal; this client is the most stable of the four clients described

Question 2: Water Intoxication (Hyponatremia

Answer:

Excess fluid moves from EC space to IC space Happens with SIADH, rapid infusion of hypotonic IV sol or tap water as NG irrigant or enemas; can happen with psychogenic polydipsia ( may drink 12-18 L/day ) Question 3: The client is a 69-year-old woman with uncontrolled diabetes, polyuria, and a blood pressure of 86/46. Which staff member is assigned to care for her?

Answer:

The clinical manifestations suggest that the client is experiencing hypovolemia and possible hypovolemic shock. The RN who floated from the intensive care unit will have extensive experience caring for clients with hypovolemia.

Question 4: Water loss

Answer:

Hemorrhage, burns, diarrhea, vomiting, sweating, diabetes insipidus, diuretics, laxative abuse Question 5: A client is admitted to the nursing unit with a diagnosis of hypokalemia. Which assessment does the nurse complete first?

Answer:

Obtaining a pulse oximetry reading, Because hypokalemia may cause respiratory insufficiency and respiratory arrest, the client's respiratory status should be assessed first.Question 6: When caring for a group of clients at risk for respiratory acidosis, the nurse identifies which person as at highest risk?

Answer:

Cigarette smoking worsens gas exchange, leading to disorders that contribute to hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis.

Question 7: acidic

Answer:

inc. in concentration of H+ Question 8: A client with mild hypokalemia caused by diuretic use is discharged home. The home health nurse delegates which of these interventions to the home health aide?

Answer:

Measurement of the client's urine output Correct: A home health aide may measure the client's intake and output, which then would be reported to the RN.

Question 9: Interstitial fluid

Answer:

between cells & blood vessels (15%) Question 10: As adults age, which common physiologic change is likely to alter their hydration status?

Answer:

Decreased muscle mass causes decreased total body water, thus altering hydration status in the older adult.

Question 11: plasma tonicity

Answer:

• x na + glucose/18

Question 12: ph

Answer:

negative logarithm of the H+ concentration

Question 13: If blood volume decreases

Answer:

then ADH is released & water is reabsorbed by kidney. Urine output will be lower but concentration will be increased.Question 14: A 70-year-old female is admitted to the hospital with heart failure, shortness-of-breath (SOB), and 3+ pitting edema in her lower extremities. Her current medications are furosemide (Lasix), digoxin (Lanoxin), and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in

Answer:

Increased urine output Correct: When giving Lasix, the nurse monitors the client for response to drug therapy, especially weight loss and increased urine output.Question 15: A 90-year-old client with hypermagnesemia is seen in the emergency department (ED). The ED nurse prepares the client for admission to which inpatient unit?

Answer:

Because hypermagnesemia causes changes in the electrocardiogram that may result in cardiac arrest, the client should be admitted to the Telemetry/Cardiac Step-Down unit.

Question 16: Creatinine

Answer:

end product of muscle metabolism; better indicator of renal function; nl 0.7-1.5 mg/dL Question 17: Which action should the nurse take first for the client who is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with a panic attack and whose blood gases indicate respiratory alkalosis?

Answer:

Encourage the client to take slow breaths.Correct: Because respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, the nurse's first action should be to

assist the client in slowing the respiratory rate.Question 18: A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intravenous (IV) magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). Which assessment parameter is critical?

Answer:

Hourly deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) - The client who is receiving IV MgSO4 should be assessed for signs of toxicity every hour by assessment of DTRs.Question 19: A client with hyperkalemia is being treated with drugs to improve the condition.Which potassium level indicates that therapy is effective?

Answer:

A potassium level of 4.6 mEq/L is a normal level, indicating that therapy was effective. Normal levels are 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.

Question 20: Normal Calcium level

Answer:

8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL

Question 21: PLASMA PROTEINS (Primarily Albumin)

Answer:

Affect serum osmolarity Are main negatively charged intravascular fluid anions Balance the positive charge of sodium in osmolarity Question 22: : A 77-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her family after she has had diarrhea for 3 days. The family tells the nurse that she has not been eating or drinking well, but that she has been taking her diuretics for congestive heart fai

Answer:

Restoring fluid balance by controlling the causes of dehydration Correct: Drug therapy for dehydration is directed at restoring fluid balance and controlling the causes of dehydration.

Question 23: ISOTONIC

Answer:

ISO - means alike TONICITY - refers to osmotic activity of body fluids; tells the extent that fluid will allow movement of water in & out cell Means that solutions on both sides of selectively permeable membrane have established equilibrium