FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT LB CHAP 6 EXAM

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Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

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-Guarantee passing score -93 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation Question 1: A _______ that has been associated with an appetitive _______ can serve as a secondary reinforcer for an operant response. As well, a stimulus that serves as a _______ for an operant response can also serve as a secondary reinforcer for some other reponse

Answer:

CS, US, discriminative stimulus Question 2: Behavior modification programs in institutional settings often utilize generalized reinforcers in the form of _______ . This type of arrangement is known as

Answer:

tokens, token economy Question 3: A generalized reinforcer (or generalized secondary reinforcer) is a secondary reinforcer that has been associated with _______

Answer:

many other reinforcers

Question 4: and the behavior of sharing the toys subsequently _______ in frequency; therefore, this is an example of _______

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increased, negative reinforcement Question 5: and the behavior of pulling the dog's tail subsequently _______ in frequency; therefore this is an example of _______

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decreased, negative punishment Question 6: Honey is for most people an example of a _______ reinforcer, while a coupon that is used to purchase the honey is an example of a _______ reinforcer

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primary, secondary Question 7: According to Thorndike, behaviors that worked were _______ while behaviors that did not work were _______

Answer:

stamped in, stamped out

Question 8: Operant responses are also simply called _______

Answer:

operants

Question 9: contrived reinforcers

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Reinforcers that have been deliberately arranged to modify a behavior; they are not a typical consequence of the behavior in that setting. Also called artificial reinforcers Question 10: Simply put, reinforcers are those consequences that _______ a behavior, while punishers are those consequences that _______ a behavior.

Answer:

strengthens, weakens

Question 11: negative punishment

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The removal of a stimulus (one that is usually considered pleasant or rewarding) following a response, which then leads to a decrease in the future strength of that response Question 12: Events that become reinforcers through their association with other reinforcers are called _______. They are sometimes also called _______

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secondary reinforcers, conditioned reinforcers Question 13: Events that are innately reinforcing are called _______ . They are sometimes also called _______

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primary reinforcers, unconditioned reinforcers Question 14: The word positive, when combined with the words reinforcement or punishment, means only that the behavior is followed by the _______ of something.

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presentation Question 15: Shaping is the creation of _______ operant behavior through the reinforcement of _______ to that behavior

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new, successive approximations Question 16: When Sasha was teasing the dog, it bit her. As a result, she no longer teases the dog. The consequence for Sasha's behavior of teasing the dog was the _______ of a stimulus, and the teasing behavior subsequently _______ in frequency

Answer:

presentation, decreased Question 17: The operant conditioning procedure usually consists of three components:

Answer:

a descriminative stimulus, an operant response, and a consiquence

Question 18: More specifically, a reinforcer is a consequence that _______ a behavior and _______ the probability of that behavior. A punisher is a consequence that _______ a behavior and _______ the probability of that behavior.

Answer:

follows, increases; follows, decreases

Question 19: law of effect

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As state by Thorndike, the proposition that behavior that lead to a satisfying state of affairs are strengthened or "stamped in", while behaviors that lead to an unsatisfying or annoying state of affairs are weakened or "stamped out" Question 20: You flip the switch and the light comes on. The light coming on is an example of a(n) _______ reinforcer; in general, it is also and example of an _______ reinforcer

Answer:

natural, extrinsic

Question 21: Therefore, this is an example of _______

Answer:

positive punishment

Question 22: natural reinforcers

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Reinforcers that are naturally provided for a certain behavior; that is, they are a typical consequence of the behavior within that setting Question 23: Skinner's procedures are also known as _______ procedures in that the animal controls the rate at which it earns food.

Answer:

free operant Question 24: A(n) _______ reinforcer is a reinforcer that typically occurs for that behavior in that setting; a(n) reinforcer is one that typically does no occur for that behavior in that setting

Answer:

natural, contrived (or artificial)