FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT MASTERING BIO CH. 9

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FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT MASTERING BIO CH. 9

EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -31 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: What are the stages of cellular respiration?

Answer:

• Glycolysis
• Pyruvate oxidation
• Oxidative phoshorylation

Question 2: What is Alcohol fermentation?

Answer:

Pyruvate is converted to ethanol in two steps. Yeast.

Question 3: What happens when a molecule is oxidized?

Answer:

It loses an electron.

Question 4: What is fermentation?

Answer:

A catabolic process. A partial degradation of sugars or other organic fuel that occurs without the use of oxygen.

Question 5: What is the citric acid cycle?

Answer:

AKA Kreb cycle. A metabolic furnace that oxidizes organic fuel derived from pyruvate. Generates one ATP per turn by substrate level phosphorylation, but most energy is transferred to NAD and FAD.

Question 6: Where is pyruvate groomed?

Answer:

Mitochondria matrix. Produces 1 NADH. Byproduct CO2. THIS HAPPENS TWICE BECAUSE THERE

ARE TWO MOLECULES OF PYRUVATE FROM GLYCOLYSIS.

Question 7: What is chemiosmosis?

Answer:

Energy stored in the form of hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane is used to drive cellular work such as synthesis of ATP.

Question 8: What is the reducing agent?

Answer:

The electron donor in a redox reaction.

Question 9: What is ATP synthase?

Answer:

A protein complex in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. An enzyme that makes ATP from ADP.

Question 10: What are the two phases of glycolysis?

Answer:

Energy investment (uses 2mATP) and energy payoff (produces 4 ATP and 2 NADH).

Question 11: What is the byproduct(s) of Glycolysis?

Answer:

two H2O Question 12: What is the theoretical maximum yield of ATP from one molecule of glucose?

Answer:

36-38 ATP.

Question 13: What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer:

The process in cell metabolism by which respiratory enzymes in the mitochondria synthesize ATP from ADP in the form of an inorganic phosphate.

Question 14: What is aerobic respiration?

Answer:

Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen. Catabolic process.

Question 15: What is a Redox Reaction?

Answer:

Oxidation-Reduction reaction

Question 16: What other sources of energy exist?

Answer:

Proteins, carbohydrates, fats

Question 17: What is NAD+?

Answer:

A coenzyme electron carrier/acceptor. An oxidizing agent during respiration. Most versatile electron acceptor in cellular respiration.

Question 18: What is the electron transport chain?

Answer:

Consists of a number of molecules built into the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Electrons removed from glucose are moved along the chain by NADH from the top to bottom and ultimately captured by Oxygen.

Question 19: What is NADH?

Answer:

The reduced form of NAD+ (as evidenced by the H). Hydrogen has been received in the reaction.Represents stored energy that can be used to make ATP.

Question 20: How does ATP synthase work?

Answer:

It works like an ion pump "running in reverse". Multisubunit complex with four parts.

Question 21: How is glucose oxidized?

Answer:

1. Dehydrogenase: removes hydrogen from glucose

• NAD+: coenzyme that picks up the electrons and carries them to oxygen (sister enzyme to FAD+)

Question 22: What is the flow of energy during cellular respiration?

Answer:

glucose -> NADH -> electron transport chain -> proton-motive force -> ATP

Question 23: What happens when a molecule is reduced?

Answer:

It gains an electron.Question 24: Types of Fermentation:

Answer:

• Alcohol
• Lactic Acid

Question 25: What is Lactic Acid fermentation?

Answer:

Pyruvate is directly reduced by NADH to form Lactate. Human muscle cells.

Question 26: Where does the citric acid cycle occur?

Answer:

Mitochondrial matrix. Produces: one ATP, three NADH, one FADH. Byproduct: two CO2. THIS

HAPPENS TWICE BECAUSE THERE ARE TWO MOLECULES OF ACETYL COA.

Question 27: What is substrate level phosphorylation?

Answer:

Occurs when an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP.