FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT OCEANOGRAPHY

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FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT OCEANOGRAPHY

CHAPTER EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -48 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: carbon cycle

Answer:

The movement of carbon from reservoirs (sediment, rock, ocean) through the atmosphere (as carbon dioxide), through food webs, and back to the reservoirs.

Question 2: nodule

Answer:

Solid mass of hydrogenous sediment, most commonly manganese or ferromanganese nodules and phosphorite nodules.

Question 3: siliceous ooze

Answer:

Ooze composed mostly of the hard remains of silica-containing organisms.

Question 4: calcareous ooze

Answer:

Ooze composed mostly of the hard remains of organisms containing calcium carbonate.

Question 5: diatom

Answer:

Earth's most abundant, successful, and efficient single-celled phytoplankton. Diatoms possess two interlocking valves made primarily of silica. The valves contribute to biogenous sediments.

Question 6: coccolithophore

Answer:

A very small planktonic alga carrying discs of calcium carbonate, which contributes to biogenous sediments.

Question 7: turbidite

Answer:

A terrigenous sediment deposited by a turbidity current; typically, coarse-grained layers of nearshore origin interleaved with finer sediments.

Question 8: poorly sorted sediment

Answer:

A sediment in which particles of many sizes are found.

Question 9: ooze

Answer:

Sediment of at least 30% biological origin.

Question 10: calcium carbonate compensation depth

Answer:

The depth at which the rate of accumulation of calcareous sediments equals the rate of dissolution of those sediments. Below this depth, sediment contains little or no calcium carbonate.

Question 11: pelagic sediment

Answer:

Sediments of the slope, rise, and deep-ocean floor that originate in the ocean.

Question 12: piston corer

Answer:

A seabed-sampling device capable of punching through up to 25 meters (80 feet) of sediment and returning an intact plug of material.

Question 13: microtektite

Answer:

Translucent oblong particles of glass, a component of cosmogenous sediment.

Question 14: mixture

Answer:

A close intermingling of different substances that still retain separate identities. The properties of a mixture are heterogeneous; they may vary within the mixture.

Question 15: dissolution

Answer:

The dissolving by water of minerals in rocks

Question 16: terrigenous sediment

Answer:

Sediment derived from the land and transported to the ocean by wind and flowing water.

Question 17: sediment

Answer:

Particles of organic or inorganic matter that accumulate in a loose, unconsolidated form.

Question 18: deposition

Answer:

Accumulation, usually of sediments.

Question 19: radiolarian

Answer:

One of a group of usually planktonic amoeba-like animals with a siliceous shell, which contributes to biogenous sediments.

Question 20: velocity

Answer:

Speed in a specified direction

Question 21: authigenic sediment

Answer:

Sediment formed directly by precipitation from seawater; also called hydrogenous sediment.

Question 22: lithification

Answer:

Conversion of sediment into sedimentary rock by pressure or by the introduction of a mineral cement

Question 23: mineral

Answer:

A naturally occurring inorganic crystalline material with a specific chemical composition and structure.

Question 24: compensation depth

Answer:

The depth in the water column at which the production of carbohydrates and oxygen by photosynthesis exactly equals the consumption of carbohydrates and oxygen by respiration. The break-even point for autotrophs. Generally a function of light level.

Question 25: dissolution

Answer:

The dissolving by water of minerals in rocks.

Question 26: biogenous sediment

Answer:

Sediment of biological origin. Organisms can deposit calcareous (calcium-containing) or siliceous (silicon-containing) residue.

Question 27: pteropod

Answer:

A small planktonic mollusk with a calcareous shell, which contributes to biogenous sediments.

Question 28: silt

Answer:

Sediment particle between 0.004 and 0.062 millimeter in diameter.