FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT TASK LIST AREA 3 EXAM

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FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT TASK LIST AREA 3 EXAM

QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -56 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: operant behavior

Answer:

Behavior that is selected, maintained, and brought under stimulus control due to its consequences. A product of each person's history of interactions with the environment.

Question 2: deprivation

Answer:

State of organism re: how long since consuming or contacting a particular reinforcer. Also a procedure for increasing a reinforcer's effectiveness.

Question 3: conditioned punisher

Answer:

A stimulus change that functions as a punisher (when immediatley following a behavior, decreases the future frequency of that behavior) due to previous pairing with other punishers.

Question 4: Negative punishment

Answer:

A behavior is followed immediately by the withdrawal of a stimulus that decreases the future frequency of the behavior.

Question 5: history of reinforcement

Answer:

General reference to a person's learning experiences, particularly past conditioning of response classes or aspects of a person's repertoire.

Question 6: punisher

Answer:

A stimulus change that decreases the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it.

Question 7: automaticity of reinforcement

Answer:

Behavior is modified by consequences irrespective of the person's awareness.

Question 8: aversive stimulus

Answer:

Stimulus conditions whose termination functions as reinforcement.

Question 9: response class

Answer:

A group of responses of varying topography, all of which produce the same effect on the environment.

Question 10: How can stimulus events be described?

Answer:

Formally (by their physical features), temporally (by when they occur), and functionally (by their effects on behavior).

Question 11: higher order conditioning

Answer:

Pairing a neutral stimulus with a conditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned reflex. AKA secondary conditioning.

Question 12: punishment

Answer:

When stimulus change immediately follows a response and decreases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions.

Question 13: conditioned reflex

Answer:

Produced by respondent conditioning: a stimulus-stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response.

Question 14: reinforcement

Answer:

When a stimulus change immediately follows a response and increases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions.

Question 15: principle of behavior

Answer:

Describes a functional relation between behavior and one or more of its controlling variables that has thorough generality across organisms, species, settings, and behaviors.

Question 16: discriminative stimulus

Answer:

A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type were reinforced and in its absence were not. This stimulus then increases the momentary frequency of the behavior due to history of differential reinforcement.

Question 17: motivating operation

Answer:

Establishing operation. Has value-altering and evocative effects.

Question 18: negative reinforcement

Answer:

A behavior is followed immediately by the withdrawal of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of the behavior.

Question 19: selection by consequences

Answer:

Fundamental principle underlying operant conditioning. All forms of (operant) behavior are selected, shaped, and maintained by their consequences during an individual's lifetime. Parallels Darwin's natural selection.

Question 20: contingency

Answer:

Dependent and/or temporal relations between operant behavior and its controlling variables.

Question 21: respondent conditioning

Answer:

A stimulus-stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response.

Question 22: unconditioned punisher

Answer:

Stimulus change functions as punisher without prior learning. Primary punisher.

Question 23: stimulus-stimulus pairing

Answer:

Two stimuli are presented simultaneously, usually repeatedly for many trials. Often results in one stimulus acquiring the function of the other stimulus.

Question 24: discriminated operant

Answer:

Response occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than others. Stimulus control.

Question 25: habituation

Answer:

A decrease in responsiveness to repeated presentations of a stimulus. Typically in reference to a reduction in RESPONDENT behavior due to repeated presentation of the ELICITING stimulus in a short span of time.

Question 26: Positive punishment

Answer:

A behavior is followed by the presentation of a stimulus that decreases the future frequency of the behavior. Type I punishment.