FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT TOOLMARKS EXAM

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FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT TOOLMARKS EXAM

QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -41 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Compression Tool

Answer:

Tool designed to impress or compact by pressure or striking (ex. hammer, die stamps) Question 2: Practical Impossibility in the context of Firearm and Toolmark Identification, means that no firearms or tools other than those identified in any particular case will be found that produce marks exhibiting sufficient agreement of identification because of

Answer:

1) Extensive empirical research and validation studies

2) the cumulative results of training and casework examinations that have either been performed, peer reviewed, or published in peer-reviewed forensic journals

Question 3: What is Toolmark Identification?

Answer:

A discipline of forensic science which has as its primary concern to determine if a toolmark was produced by a particular tool.

Question 4: Trace Evidence Examples

Answer:

• Paint

• Blood

• Glass

• Hair

• Fibers

• Building materials
• Any traces of material from object(s) on which the tool has been used.

Question 5: Slicing Tool

Answer:

Tool with at least one sharp (tapered) blade designed to cut by moving in the direction of the cut. (Ex: knives, razor, axe, hatchet)

Question 6: Accidental Characteristics

Answer:

• An event that occurs once but is not reproducible.

• Formerly used synonymously for individual characteristics.

(ex: debris that is lodged into a barrel)

Question 7: Casting toolmarks

Answer:

Optimum way to preserve toolmarks on objects that are not practical to recover from a scene.A cast may help with reflectivity issues A toolmark is a negative impression of the tool's working surface Question 8: Subclass characteristics are manufactured toolmarks that:

Answer:

Repeat virtually unchanged from one manufactured item to another and can be mistaken for individual (unique) characteristics.

Question 9: Subclass Characteristics (2 of 3)

Answer:

• Are significant in that they relate to a smaller group source (a subset of the class to which they

belong).

Question 10: Individual Characteristics

Answer:

Marks produced by the random imperfections or irregularities of tool surfaces. These random imperfections or irregularities are produced incidental to manufacture and/or caused by use, corrosion, or damage.

Question 11: Practical Impossibility

Answer:

Cannot be expressed in mathematical terms, describes an event that has an extremely small probability of occurring in theory, but which empirical testing and experience will not occur.

Question 12: How to Take Notes

Answer:

Notes should be written such that another examiner could review them and know exactly what you did and how you did it with no gaps.Very organized, methodical notes are essential in toolmark cases that involve multiple working surfaces

Question 13: Generation of Test Toolmarks

Answer:

• Always use soft material first (lead)

• Try to recreate the toolmark with the same pressure, angle, directions, etc.

• Always compare tests for reproducibility

• If necessary, make test in same material as evidence; save every test.

Question 14: Individual Characteristics - How unique?

Answer:

They are unique to that tool to the practical exclusion of all other tools. (grinding, sawing, use or damage)

Question 15: Value of Toolmark Evidence

Answer:

• Determine if there is a link between suspected tool(s) and questioned toolmark(s)

• Can only determine if the suspected tool made the questioned mark, not who used the tool to make

the mark.

• All part of the Forensic Triangle and Locard's Exchange

Question 16: Grip Tool

Answer:

Tool with a pair of interactive jaws on the same plane, i.e. opposing, that abut each other and are

designed to grasp or squeeze. (Ex: Vises, pipe wrench, pliers)

Question 17: Value of No Tool Cases

Answer:

• Provide investigative leads

• Determine if multiple scenes are linked

• Determine type and number of tools used

• How tool was used, direction of tool, if the marks reproduce.

• Elimination of the tool as a course of the evidence toolmark

Question 18: Impression

Answer:

Contour variations on the surface of an object caused by a combination of force and motion where the motion is approximately perpendicular to the plane being marked.

Question 19: Striation

Answer:

Contour variations on the surface, generally microscopic, of an object caused by a combination of force and motion when the motion is approximately parallel to the plane being marked.